[ { "id": "ox-handle-abloy", "title": "ABLOY Door Handles", "url": "https://www.abloy.com/global/en-sg/our-products/products/architectural-hardware/abloy-door-handles", "institution": "ABLOY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary handle families using different metals; product appearance is not treated as reliable alloy identification.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-padlock-abus", "title": "55/50 Brass Padlock", "url": "https://www.abus.com/int/Consumer/Padlocks/By-series/Brass/55-50", "institution": "ABUS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Solid brass body, hardened-steel shackle and pin-cylinder construction. No lock bypass, security ranking or unsupported pin-alloy specification. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "exp-mat-acrylite-made", "title": "How is acrylic made?", "url": "https://www.acrylite.co/resources/knowledge-base/article/how-is-acrylic-made?category=product-properties", "institution": "ACRYLITE / POLYVANTIS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Methyl methacrylate polymerisation to PMMA and distinction between direct sheet casting and separately produced polymer." }, { "id": "exp-mat-acrylite-cast", "title": "What is the difference between cast and extruded acrylic sheet?", "url": "https://www.acrylite.co/resources/knowledge-base/article/what-is-the-difference-between-cast-and-extruded-acrylic-sheet?category=product-properties", "institution": "ACRYLITE / POLYVANTIS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cast and extruded PMMA manufacturing and grade-dependent properties." }, { "id": "ox-mirror-agc", "title": "MIROX NGE: Environmental Product Declaration", "url": "https://www.agc-yourglass.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/EPD%20AGC%20MIROX%20NGE%20vEN.pdf", "institution": "AGC Glass Europe", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Glass mirror construction and coating system. No product-specific environmental score is transferred to mirrors in general.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-thermos-materials", "title": "Light & Compact bottle: material declaration", "url": "https://thermos.eu/media/produkte/light-compact-beverage-bottle-thermos-bottle-17-oz-0-50-l/documents/declaration-of-conformity.pdf", "institution": "alfi / Thermos", "date": "2016-08-05", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary PDF opened and read: double-wall stainless body, PP/POM stopper and silicone gasket. Used for material roles, not a claim that this historical declaration certifies unrelated current bottles.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "exp-mat-alliance-flax", "title": "Flax growing and expertise", "url": "https://allianceflaxlinenhemp.eu/en/flax-growing-expertise", "institution": "Alliance for European Flax-Linen & Hemp", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Long-fibre harvesting, retting, mechanical separation and spinning. European seasonal dates and zero-waste marketing are not universal claims." }, { "id": "exp-mat-alliance-flax-properties", "title": "Flax fibre — Performance and properties", "url": "https://allianceflaxlinenhemp.eu/en/flax-performance-and-properties", "institution": "Alliance for European Flax-Linen & Hemp", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Textile and fibre performance context. Product-level comfort depends on construction and finishing; sustainability is not inferred from fibre name alone." }, { "id": "cl-alpla-soap-bottle", "title": "500 ml Soap Dispenser Bottle 28/410", "url": "https://product-catalogue.alpla.com/product/500-ml-soap-dispenser-bottle-28410", "institution": "ALPLA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary bottle specification inspected for PET, stretch blow moulding and screw-neck construction. Environmental comparisons and specific recycled-content options are not generalized to all soap bottles." }, { "id": "ct-controller-alps", "title": "Alps Alpine’s Stick Controllers (ThumbPointer)", "url": "https://tech.alpsalpine.com/e/products/faq/muiti-control-device/thumbpointer/", "institution": "Alps Alpine", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Two perpendicular resistive tracks and wiping contacts in potentiometer joystick modules. Market-share and service-life claims omitted; magnetic alternatives acknowledged separately." }, { "id": "o-frames", "title": "Eyeglass frame materials", "url": "https://www.aao.org/eye-health/treatments/eyeglass-frame-materials", "institution": "American Academy of Ophthalmology", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Frame material options and trade-offs; not personalized fitting advice.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-cotton", "title": "Cotton: The New Generation", "url": "https://www.aatcc.org/news-read/insights/cotton-the-new-generation", "institution": "American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Absorbency, drying and finishes; no global impact ranking inferred.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-aca-concrete", "title": "Cement & Concrete FAQ", "url": "https://www.cement.org/cement-concrete/cement-concrete-faq/", "institution": "American Cement Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Aggregate/paste composition, chemical hardening and curing. Unrelated external links appearing in the page were disregarded; no quantitative or regulatory claims copied." }, { "id": "exp-mat-aca-cement", "title": "How Cement Is Made", "url": "https://www.cement.org/cement-concrete/how-cement-is-made/", "institution": "American Cement Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Raw feed preparation, high-temperature clinker formation, cooling and final grinding. Unrelated injected-looking external links disregarded; cross-checked with ACI and MIT." }, { "id": "mat-acma-glass", "title": "Guidelines and Recommended Practices for Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer Architectural Products", "url": "https://compositesuk.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/ACMA-Guidelines-and-Recommended-Practices-FRP-Architectural-Products.pdf", "institution": "American Composites Manufacturers Association", "date": "2016", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Appendix D: glass fibre composition and forms. Hosted by Composites UK. No design tables, photos or certification claims reused." }, { "id": "exp-mat-aci-cement", "title": "The making of portland cement", "url": "https://www.concrete.org/frequentlyaskedquestions.aspx?faqid=675", "institution": "American Concrete Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Portland cement manufacturing, raw minerals, clinker and grinding; distinguishes the binder from concrete." }, { "id": "o-toothpaste", "title": "Toothpastes", "url": "https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothpastes", "institution": "American Dental Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Formulation ingredients and functions; atlas gives no personalized dental guidance.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-brush", "title": "Toothbrushes", "url": "https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/toothbrushes", "institution": "American Dental Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Nylon bristles and manual/electric distinction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-brush-tests", "title": "Toothbrushes: Oral Health Topics", "url": "https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothbrushes", "institution": "American Dental Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Soft bristles, wear and toothbrush design context.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-afpa-paper", "title": "How Is Paper Made Today?", "url": "https://www.afandpa.org/news/2025/how-paper-made-today", "institution": "American Forest & Paper Association", "date": "2025-05-01", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Pulping, forming, pressing and drying. U.S.-specific supply claims not generalized internationally." }, { "id": "e-textile-hydrophobicity", "title": "The Bacterial Life Cycle in Textiles is Governed by Fiber Hydrophobicity", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8515937/", "institution": "Andreas Møllebjerg, Lorena Gonzales Palmén, Klaus Gori and Rikke Louise Meyer; Aarhus University and Novozymes; Microbiology Spectrum", "date": "2021-10-13", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "CC BY 4.0 International, explicitly stated in the article; factual findings summarized only.", "usage": "Original summary of comparative water, sebum and bacterial behaviour of cotton and polyester. No figures or source prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary in vitro study. Supports qualified tendencies, not universal odour or comfort rankings for every garment. Relevant to shirt-fibres and morning-materials." }, { "id": "ch-anglepoise-lamp", "title": "Type 75 Desk Lamp: product support specification", "url": "https://support.anglepoise.com/hc/en-gb/articles/360014173717-Anglepoise-Type-75-Desk-Lamp", "institution": "Anglepoise", "date": "2024-01-08", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary specification read through the search index: aluminium, cast iron, plated steel fittings, PVC cable and replaceable LED lamp. Used as one documented balanced-arm construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-anglepoise-materials", "title": "Type 75 Paul Smith editions: technical sheet", "url": "https://support.anglepoise.com/hc/en-gb/article_attachments/8743789921937", "institution": "Anglepoise", "date": "2022", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary technical sheet read: aluminium shade, arms and base cover, cast-iron ballast and bulb-weight limits for balance. No branded design imagery was reused.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "exp-mat-apa-plywood", "title": "Plywood", "url": "https://www.apawood.org/engineered-wood-products/plywood-osb/plywood/", "institution": "APA — The Engineered Wood Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Veneer construction, crossed grain, panel manufacture and product classifications." }, { "id": "mat-apcor-properties", "title": "What it is: cork", "url": "https://apcor.pt/en/what-it-is", "institution": "APCOR — Portuguese Cork Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cellular structure, low density, compression and insulation. Promotional fire, allergy and universal environmental claims not adopted." }, { "id": "mat-apcor-process", "title": "Transformation Process", "url": "https://apcor.pt/en/transformation-process", "institution": "APCOR — Portuguese Cork Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Bark harvesting and transformation. Canonical public URL verified after discovery through the official staging site. Exact harvest intervals not generalized as universal botanical rules." }, { "id": "mat-apcor-agglomerates", "title": "Composite Agglomerates", "url": "https://apcor.pt/en/composite-agglomerates", "institution": "APCOR — Portuguese Cork Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Granules, binders and composite product distinction. No source images or manufacturing recipe reused." }, { "id": "ct-laptop-apple", "title": "MacBook Air with M4: Product Environmental Report", "url": "https://images.apple.com/la/environment/pdf/products/notebooks/M4_MacBook_Air_PER_March2025.pdf", "institution": "Apple", "date": "2025-03-05", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Product-specific evidence of aluminium enclosure, copper thermal sheet and boards, and tin solder/gold plating. Used as an example, not a universal laptop bill of materials. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "cl-aptar-polyolefin", "title": "GSA Advance", "url": "https://beauty.latamcatalog.aptar.com/en/product/gsaadvance/", "institution": "Aptar Beauty", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for an all-polyolefin pump variant using PP and PE. The article does not equate an all-plastic construction with universal collection or actual recycling in every locality." }, { "id": "cl-aptar-pumps", "title": "Lotion Pumps — Digital Catalogue 2024", "url": "https://www.alglass.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Aptar_LotionPumps_Digital_2024.pdf", "institution": "Aptar Beauty; manufacturer catalogue hosted by Alglass", "date": "2024", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer catalogue inspected, including component material table for actuators, housings, pistons, springs, stems, dip tubes and valves. Hosted by distributor Alglass; the document identifies Aptar. It supports representative material options, not the exact BOM of an IKEA or other dispenser." }, { "id": "ox-aquarium-aquael", "title": "Standard Glass Aquariums", "url": "https://www.aquael.com/us/products/aquaristics-us/aquariums-us/standard/", "institution": "Aquael", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary aquarium construction describes glass, silicone and glass reinforcing carriers in some models. No tank sizing or repair instructions are inferred.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-aquarium-aqueon", "title": "Frameless Cube Aquariums", "url": "https://www.aqueon.com/products/aquariums/frameless-cube-aquariums", "institution": "Aqueon", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Glass panels, silicone joints and lid supplied in an example family; source distinguishes vessel components from electrical aquarium equipment.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-aquarium-cover", "title": "Glass Tops", "url": "https://www.aqueon.com/products/glass-tops", "institution": "Aqueon", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary glass-cover construction including silicone hinge; cover function is not conflated with structural bracing.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-handle-bearing", "title": "Door and Window Handles: Environmental Product Declaration", "url": "https://www.abloy.com/global/market-documents/about-abloy/sustainability/epd/abloy-products/EPD%20-%20Door%20and%20window%20handles.pdf", "institution": "ARGE — European Federation of Locks and Building Hardware Manufacturers, hosted by ABLOY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Industry EPD identifies metals and acetal/POM in handle mechanisms; representative constituent link rather than an exact model specification.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-ashmolean-ceramics", "title": "Islamic Ceramics: Glossary N–Z", "url": "https://islamicceramics.ashmolean.org/Glossary/gloss2.htm", "institution": "Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stoneware definition and firing/vitrification terminology. Museum photographs and collection images are not reused." }, { "id": "o-shoe", "title": "The anatomy of a running shoe", "url": "https://www.asics.com/us/en-us/blog/anatomy-of-a-running-shoe/", "institution": "ASICS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer account of upper, midsole, outsole and sockliner functions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-shoe-eva", "title": "What is FLYTEFOAM?", "url": "https://www.asics.com/sg/en-sg/blog/article/what-is-flytefoam", "institution": "ASICS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "EVA-based foam example; proprietary current foams are not all called EVA.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-handle-assa", "title": "ASSA ABLOY Classic Mini Catalogue", "url": "https://www.assaabloy.com/se/en/documents/minicatalogue/M4572.2205-mini-catalogue.pdf", "institution": "ASSA ABLOY", "date": "2022", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Handle assemblies, spindle/fixing arrangements and material examples; no universal compatibility or certification claim.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-mouse-avago", "title": "Optical navigation: ADNS-2080 and ADNS-3000 sensors", "url": "https://investors.broadcom.com/news-releases/news-release-details/avago-introduces-new-low-power-optical-sensors-enable-wireless", "institution": "Avago Technologies; hosted by Broadcom", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer explanation: sequential surface images are compared to determine movement. Historic implementation supports the general optical-mouse principle. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "cl-babolat-racket", "title": "Pure Drive Gen11 Unstrung", "url": "https://www.babolat.com/gb/pure-drive-gen11-unstrung/100-101553.html", "institution": "Babolat", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for a modern graphite-labelled racket and its frame/stringing context. Graphite terminology is interpreted as carbon-fibre composite rather than mineral graphite; model-specific added fibres are not generalized." }, { "id": "cl-babolat-grip", "title": "Syntec Pro replacement grip", "url": "https://www.babolat.com/gb/syntec-pro/101-670051.html", "institution": "Babolat", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary specification inspected for polyurethane-coated textile backing containing polyamide and polyester. Percentages are omitted because the study illustrates a construction family, not one exact replacement-grip recipe." }, { "id": "cl-babolat-strings", "title": "Tennis strings", "url": "https://www.babolat.com/us/tennis/strings.html", "institution": "Babolat", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary range inspected to distinguish polyester, natural-gut and other string constructions. Article does not claim one string material or tension is suitable for all rackets or players." }, { "id": "exp-mat-basf-pom", "title": "Ultraform (POM) — Polyoxymethylene solutions", "url": "https://plastics-rubber.basf.com/global/en/performance_polymers/industries/pp_electronics_and_electric/products/ultraform", "institution": "BASF", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer evidence on copolymeric POM, sliding behaviour and engineering uses. Individual grade claims are not generalised to every POM." }, { "id": "ox-helmet-bell", "title": "2Twenty Mips: construction and materials", "url": "https://www.bellhelmets.com/product/2twenty-mips/100000000500000134.html", "institution": "Bell Helmets", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary example lists EPS, polycarbonate, nylon, polyester webbing, POM and PU foam; exact percentages and performance are not generalized.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bamboo-research", "title": "Effect of processing methods on the mechanical properties of engineered bamboo", "url": "https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/77db9dd2-7774-4935-b7d0-285a8e92ad46", "institution": "Bhavna Sharma, Ana Gatóo and Michael H. Ramage; University of Cambridge repository", "date": "2015", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "CC BY 2.0 UK as identified by repository; facts referenced, no assets reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Original research demonstrating that processing affects engineered-bamboo mechanical behaviour. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.048. Repository names a CC BY 2.0 UK licence; no images or text reproduced." }, { "id": "ch-bialetti-materials", "title": "What is the Moka Express made of?", "url": "https://bialetti-cookware.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/5416208859282-What-is-the-Moka-Express-made-of", "institution": "Bialetti / The Cookware Company", "date": "2022-05-05", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary page opened and read. Specifies aluminium, nylon handle/knob and a safety valve; the exact gasket compound and valve alloy are deliberately not inferred.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-bialetti-care", "title": "Is the Moka Express dishwasher safe?", "url": "https://bialetti-cookware.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/5416358301586-Is-the-Moka-Express-dishwasher-safe", "institution": "Bialetti / The Cookware Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary support page opened through the manufacturer material page. Used to keep cleaning advice model-specific rather than assume every metal pot is dishwasher-safe.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-pen-bic", "title": "BIC Cristal: 75th anniversary press kit", "url": "https://mediabic.bic.com/image/upload/v1758021347/Press_kit_BIC_Cristal_75_ans_EN_6d77fc7443.pdf", "institution": "BIC", "date": "2025", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Engineering diagram text identifies brass tip, tungsten-carbide ball, polystyrene barrel and polypropylene reservoir. No diagram, marketing claim or exact model specification is copied.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-helmet-bhsi", "title": "How bicycle helmets are made", "url": "https://helmets.org/how-bicycle-helmets-are-made/", "institution": "Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Technical explanation of shells, foam liners and retention systems; supports distinction between comfort and impact components.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-bodum-cafetiere", "title": "CHAMBORD French press: materials and spare parts", "url": "https://www.bodum.com/us/en/1928-57-chambord", "institution": "Bodum", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product text read: borosilicate beaker, stainless frame/filter and polypropylene handle, plus replaceable beaker/filter parts. Direct opening returned only an iframe; the useful evidence was indexed primary text.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "o-tyre", "title": "Materials: Basic knowledge of tires", "url": "https://www.bridgestone.com/products/basic_knowledge/materials/", "institution": "Bridgestone", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Rubber, reinforcing filler, textile and steel material functions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-tyre-report", "title": "Structure: Basic knowledge of tires", "url": "https://www.bridgestone.com/products/basic_knowledge/structure/", "institution": "Bridgestone", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary construction description of tread, sidewall, body ply, belts and bead. Replaces a removed NHTSA file link.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-britglass-about", "title": "About glass", "url": "https://www.britglass.org.uk/about-glass", "institution": "British Glass", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Glass composition and general glassmaking context. No glass-industry photographs reused." }, { "id": "o-glass", "title": "About glass", "url": "https://www.britglass.org.uk/about-glass", "institution": "British Glass", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Industry association explanation of soda-lime glass and uses; environmental promotional language not reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bpf-eps", "title": "Expanded and Extruded Polystyrene (EPS/XPS)", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/Packaging/Position_Statements/Expanded_and_Extruded_Polystyrene_Position_Statement.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Expanded bead foam, cellular structure, blowing agent and contrast with extrusion. Recyclability is qualified by actual collection availability." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bpf-processes", "title": "Plastics Processes", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/processes/Default.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Injection moulding, thermoforming, polymer cooling and EPS moulding overview. Material-specific behaviour is distinguished from the general process." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bpf-pom", "title": "Polyacetals POM", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Polyacetals.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stiffness, fatigue, moisture and sliding properties, plus gears, fasteners, zipper and furniture uses. Temperature examples are not presented as universal ratings." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-hdpe", "title": "Polyethylene (High Density) HDPE", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/HDPE.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-ldpe", "title": "Polyethylene (Low Density) LDPE, LLDPE", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/LDPE.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-pp", "title": "Polypropylene (PP)", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/PP.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-pvc", "title": "Polyvinyl Chloride PVC", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/PVC.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-polyesters", "title": "Polyesters (Thermoplastic) PETP, PBT, PET", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Polyesters.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-abs", "title": "Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Other Specialist Styrenics", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/ABS_and_Other_Specialist_Styrenics.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-eva", "title": "Ethylene Vinyl Acetate EVA", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/EVA.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-ptfe", "title": "Fluoroplastics PTFE FEP", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Fluoroplastics.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-nylon", "title": "Nylons (Polyamide)", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Polyamides.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-polycarbonate", "title": "Polycarbonate (PC)", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Polycarbonate.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-epoxy", "title": "Epoxies EP", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Epoxies.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polymer properties and applications. Grade-specific ranges, historical market figures and broad promotional claims are not presented as universal facts." }, { "id": "mat-bpf-processes", "title": "Plastics Processes", "url": "https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/processes/Default.aspx", "institution": "British Plastics Federation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Extrusion, injection moulding and blow-moulding process distinctions. Original simplified process labels, no source diagrams copied." }, { "id": "mat-stainless-selection", "title": "General principles for selection of stainless steels", "url": "https://bssa.org.uk/bssa_articles/general-principles-for-selection-of-stainless-steels/", "institution": "British Stainless Steel Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Grade-dependent properties, corrosion and fabrication considerations." }, { "id": "exp-mat-cci-brass", "title": "Preventing and Treating the Dezincification of Brass — CCI Notes 9/13", "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/conservation-preservation-publications/canadian-conservation-institute-notes/dezincification-brass.html", "institution": "Canadian Conservation Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Selective zinc loss and resulting weakening; cited for material behaviour, not a treatment recipe." }, { "id": "exp-mat-cci-textiles", "title": "Caring for textiles and costumes — Preventive conservation guidelines for collections", "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/preventive-conservation/guidelines-collections/textiles-costumes.html", "institution": "Canadian Conservation Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Silk strength, moisture behaviour, limited elasticity, light vulnerability and effects of historic weighting. Collection-care evidence informs general material limitations." }, { "id": "ox-book-cci", "title": "Basic Care of Books — CCI Notes 11/7", "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/conservation-preservation-publications/canadian-conservation-institute-notes/basic-care-books.html", "institution": "Canadian Conservation Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Books as composite objects; binding materials, handling, storage and conservation distinctions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-textiles-cci", "title": "Basic care — Textiles", "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/care-objects/textiles-costumes/basic-care-textiles.html", "institution": "Canadian Conservation Institute", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Differences among textile fibres and effects of light, handling, humidity and cleaning; finished-article care remains product-specific.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-speaker-celestion", "title": "Professional Loudspeakers Catalogue", "url": "https://celestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Pro_Speaker_Catalogue_2024.pdf", "institution": "Celestion", "date": "2024", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Examples of paper-based cones, copper voice coils, ferrite magnets and steel/aluminium baskets. Ferrite is not equated with neodymium or metallic iron. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "mat-ceramtec-substrates", "title": "Advanced Ceramic Substrates for Electronic Applications", "url": "https://www.ceramtec-group.com/en/ceramtec-us/substrates", "institution": "CeramTec", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Alumina is one of several ceramic substrate choices; electrical insulation and thermal-management role. No branded datasheet values generalized." }, { "id": "ct-keyboard-cherry", "title": "CHERRY MX2A", "url": "https://www.cherry.de/de-de/unternehmen/news/cherry-blog/artikel/cherry-mx2a", "institution": "CHERRY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer discussion of mechanical key switches and Gold Crosspoint contacts. Supports gold-contact example, not a claim that all keyboard switches contain gold. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "cl-coats-epic", "title": "Coats Epic", "url": "https://www.coats.com/en-us/Products/Threads/Epic/Epic/", "institution": "Coats Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for polyester corespun sewing-thread construction and apparel applications. Used as one representative thread option, not the actual thread specification of every illustrated product." }, { "id": "cl-coats-bedding", "title": "Mattress and Bedding", "url": "https://www.coats.com/en/industries/household-and-recreation/applications/mattress-and-bedding/", "institution": "Coats Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary application guide inspected for quilting, mattress assembly and polyester-thread options. No fire-barrier chemistry or exact product thread recipe is inferred from this general guide." }, { "id": "cl-coats-balls", "title": "Sports Balls", "url": "https://www.coats.com/en/industries/household-and-recreation/applications/sports-balls/", "institution": "Coats Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary thread application guide inspected for machine-sewn sports-ball options including polyester Epic thread. This supports a representative seam material; it does not identify the actual thread used by SELECT." }, { "id": "o-tube", "title": "Colgate’s Innovative Tube: Transforming the Landscape", "url": "https://www.colgatepalmolive.com/en-us/news/colgates-innovative-tube-transforming-the-landscape", "institution": "Colgate-Palmolive", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer evidence for an HDPE tube construction; local collection acceptance is not inferred.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-composites-materials", "title": "Composite materials: Materials", "url": "https://compositesuk.co.uk/composite-materials/materials/", "institution": "Composites UK", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibre and matrix roles, glass and carbon fibre processing. Original simplified explanations; no diagrams reproduced." }, { "id": "mat-composites-recycling", "title": "End of Life and Recycling", "url": "https://compositesuk.co.uk/composite-materials/faq/end-of-life-options/", "institution": "Composites UK", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Specialist composite recovery and limitations. Availability is not generalized to household collection." }, { "id": "ox-block-cmha", "title": "Concrete Masonry Unit Shapes, Sizes, Properties and Specifications", "url": "https://www.cmha.org/resource/cmu-tec-001/", "institution": "Concrete Masonry & Hardscapes Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Technical description of concrete masonry units, including face shells and webs; building-specific structural design is outside the object page.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-block-faq", "title": "What is the difference between a cinder block and a concrete block?", "url": "https://www.cmha.org/resource/cmu-faq-014/", "institution": "Concrete Masonry & Hardscapes Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Clarifies modern concrete-block terminology and aggregate variation.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-cepi-paper", "title": "About Pulp & Paper", "url": "https://www.cepi.org/about-cepi/history-of-pulp-paper/", "institution": "Confederation of European Paper Industries", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibre quality changes during repeated recovery; fresh pulp remains part of paper production. No source infographic reproduced." }, { "id": "ox-nickel-silver", "title": "C73500 Nickel Silver: Copper Alloy Database", "url": "https://alloys.copper.org/alloy/C73500", "institution": "Copper Development Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Composition reference clarifying that nickel silver is a copper–nickel–zinc alloy family, not elemental silver.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-copper-alloys", "title": "Introduction to copper and copper alloys", "url": "https://help.copper.fyi/hc/en-us/articles/360021016860-Introduction-to-copper-and-copper-alloys", "institution": "Copper Information Center / International Copper Association", "date": "2021-04-21", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Alloy-family distinctions and general copper-alloy properties. Marketing superlatives and universal recycling claims were not adopted." }, { "id": "exp-mat-brasses", "title": "Brasses", "url": "https://help.copper.fyi/hc/en-us/articles/360021040019-Brasses", "institution": "Copper Information Center / International Copper Association", "date": "2021-04-29", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Copper–zinc alloy family, forming and machining, conductivity tradeoff and separate brass scrap. Historical regional scrap percentages omitted." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bronzes", "title": "Bronzes", "url": "https://help.copper.fyi/hc/en-us/articles/360021017360-Bronzes", "institution": "Copper Information Center / International Copper Association", "date": "2021-04-26", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Tin and phosphor bronze, aluminium bronze, casting and wrought forms, bearing and contact applications; no single bronze recipe implied." }, { "id": "mat-cotton-fibres", "title": "Textile Fibers", "url": "https://cottonworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Fibers_Booklet_edited-1.pdf", "institution": "Cotton Incorporated", "date": "2013", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cotton cellulose, fibre properties and ginning. Technical reference; no crop-impact ranking or quantitative environmental claim adopted." }, { "id": "cl-denim", "title": "Denim Basics", "url": "https://cottonworks.com/learning-hub/denim/denim-basics/", "institution": "Cotton Incorporated / CottonWorks", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Verified denim twill structure, dyed warp and lighter weft, and yarn-to-fabric processing from the indexed primary-source text. Direct retrieval returned HTTP 403; this limitation is recorded rather than implying unrestricted full-page access." }, { "id": "cl-cotton-home", "title": "Cotton Home Buyer’s Guide", "url": "https://cottonworks.com/cotton-home-buyers-guide/", "institution": "Cotton Incorporated / CottonWorks", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary text inspected for terry pile, yarn and fabric construction, towel weight and performance tradeoffs. Direct retrieval returned HTTP 403. Fabric mass per area is not presented as a complete quality score." }, { "id": "cl-cotton-sheet-guide", "title": "Cotton Sheets Buying Guide", "url": "https://cottonworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Cotton-Sheets-Buying-Guide_Spreads.pdf", "institution": "Cotton Incorporated / CottonWorks", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary PDF text inspected for fibre, yarn, weave, weight and finishing as separate contributors to sheet performance. Direct PDF retrieval returned HTTP 403. Upload-folder date is not treated as a verified publication date." }, { "id": "mat-cotton-spinning", "title": "Fiber Preparation for Spinning", "url": "https://cottonworks.com/learning-hub/yarn-manufacturing/fiber-preparation-for-spinning/", "institution": "Cotton Incorporated / CottonWorks", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Opening, cleaning, carding and combing. Indexed text consulted; site may reject automated direct requests. No source illustrations reproduced." }, { "id": "ox-fridge-covestro", "title": "More efficient production of refrigeration equipment", "url": "https://www.covestro.com/press/more-efficient-production-of-refrigeration-equipment/", "institution": "Covestro", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Rigid polyurethane refrigerator insulation; manufacturer sustainability and performance claims are not reproduced as comparative conclusions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-daddario-bronze", "title": "Single Phosphor Bronze Wound Strings", "url": "https://www.daddario.com/products/phosphor-bronze-wound-singles", "institution": "D’Addario", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer confirmation of phosphor-bronze winding in an acoustic guitar string. No claim that every guitar uses this string type." }, { "id": "ox-guitar-daddario", "title": "Learn & Earn: Acoustic Alloys", "url": "https://www.daddario.com/pages/learn-earn-acoustic-alloy", "institution": "D’Addario", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary string-maker discussion of acoustic alloy families, including phosphor bronze and 80/20 options; copper–zinc composition is additionally verified against Ernie Ball specifications.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-pu-chemistry", "title": "The chemistry of polyurethanes", "url": "https://www.l-i.co.uk/knowledge-centre/the-chemistry-of-polyurethanes/", "institution": "Danielle Williams, Lawrence Industries", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Technical formulation context; no source reaction diagram reproduced. Atlas describes a reaction without repeating the page’s questionable condensation terminology." }, { "id": "cl-dart-paper", "title": "Poly-Coated Paper — material guide", "url": "https://www.dartcontainer.com/en-ca/resources/tools/material-guide/poly-coated-paper", "institution": "Dart Container", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary material-guide text inspected for coated paper, cup forming and facility-dependent recovery. Direct retrieval exposed only the JavaScript application shell. Collection claims are qualified by local acceptance." }, { "id": "cl-dart-lid", "title": "Traveler Dome Paper Hot Cup Lids", "url": "https://www.dartcontainer.com/en-ca/products/foodservice/lids/plastic/traveler-dome-paper-hot-cup-lids", "institution": "Dart Container / Solo", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary product text inspected for polystyrene hot-cup lids and polypropylene alternatives. Direct retrieval exposed only the JavaScript application shell. Resin identity is supported by product specifications, not inferred from colour; universal recycling claims are not adopted." }, { "id": "exp-mat-digitalfire-stoneware", "title": "Stoneware", "url": "https://digitalfire.com/glossary/stoneware", "institution": "Digitalfire, ceramic materials technical reference", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Clay-body formulation, vitrification, fired character and differences from porcelain. Exact temperatures and universal strength comparisons avoided." }, { "id": "mat-pet-facts", "title": "The Facts about PET", "url": "https://www.petcore-europe.org/images/news/pdf/factsheet_the_facts_about_pet_dr_frank_welle_2018.pdf", "institution": "Dr Frank Welle; Petcore Europe", "date": "2018", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "PET monomers, material identity and feedstock distinctions. Industry technical factsheet referenced; no regulatory or health conclusion generalized. Replaces an older university page that failed certificate verification." }, { "id": "ch-dualit-toaster", "title": "2 Slice NewGen Classic Toaster: materials and features", "url": "https://www.dualit.com/products/2-slice-newgen/powder", "institution": "Dualit", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer example: cast aluminium ends, stainless-steel body and protected ProHeat elements. Indexed specification read and page opened. The article does not infer this model’s heater alloy from its product name.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-dualit-repair", "title": "Combi 2+1 Toaster support", "url": "https://help.dualit.com/en-US/combi-2%2B1-toaster-support-255010", "institution": "Dualit", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary support text read through the search index: replacement elements and timers are serviceable parts, with competent-electrician guidance. No repair procedure reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-dualit-blender", "title": "VortecS Blender: product materials", "url": "https://www.dualit.com/products/blender", "institution": "Dualit", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed manufacturer specification read and page opened: Tritan jug and chrome-plated ABS base. Marketing claims about nutrition and shatterproof performance are not repeated.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-dyson-materials", "title": "The evolution of Dyson colours, materials and finishes", "url": "https://www.dyson.com/discover/innovation/behind-the-invention/dyson-colors-materials-finishes", "institution": "Dyson", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed article read: polycarbonate bin, aluminium outer wand and polymer inner tube. Product-specific claims are treated as examples rather than universal vacuum-cleaner specifications.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-dyson-construction", "title": "Cyclone V10 technical specification", "url": "https://www.dyson.com/content/dam/dyson/for-business/business-refresh/docs/us/vacuums/v10-cord-free-tech-spec-us.pdf", "institution": "Dyson", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed technical PDF read: construction lists polycarbonate, ABS and aluminium. Does not establish the composition of every filter, seal or impeller.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-watch-sapphire", "title": "Sapphire Windows: optical material information", "url": "https://www.edmundoptics.com/p/2.5mm-diameter-uncoated-sapphire-window/5160", "institution": "Edmund Optics", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary optical-component supplier identifies sapphire as single-crystal aluminium oxide. Optical dimensions, coatings and product rankings are not attributed to watch windows.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-window", "title": "What makes a window ENERGY STAR?", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/res_windows_doors_skylights/key-product-criteria", "institution": "ENERGY STAR / U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Construction and frame trade-offs; U.S. certification is not presented as global.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-led", "title": "Learn about LED lighting", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/learn-about-led-lighting", "institution": "ENERGY STAR / U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Thermal management and useful-life explanation.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-keypad-epec", "title": "Rubber Keypad Comparison: Conductive and Non-Conductive Construction", "url": "https://www.epectec.com/articles/conductive-and-non-conductive-rubber-keypad-comparison.html", "institution": "Epec Engineered Technologies", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Silicone key webs and carbon-filled contact pills; distinguishes these from keypads that actuate separate metal switches. Carbon filler is not assumed to be graphite. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ox-guitar-ernieball", "title": "Earthwood 80/20 Bronze Acoustic Guitar Strings", "url": "https://www.ernieball.com/guitar-strings/acoustic-guitar-strings/earthwood-8020-bronze-acoustic-guitar-strings", "institution": "Ernie Ball", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer specifies a copper–zinc winding on a steel core despite the trade name bronze. Tonal claims and exact gauges are not generalized.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-hammer-estwing", "title": "Curved Claw Hammer: Triple Wedge", "url": "https://www.estwing.com/product/curved-claw-hammer-triple-wedge/", "institution": "Estwing", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer example of forged steel head, hickory handle, smooth face and wedge attachment. Does not establish composition or safe condition of any other hammer. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "mat-glass-recycling", "title": "Quality of recycling: Towards a reference framework for the circular economy", "url": "https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC122293/final_quality_of_recycling_report.pdf", "institution": "European Commission Joint Research Centre", "date": "2020", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "European Commission publication referenced; no images or prose reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Glass composition compatibility and recycling quality. No general local collection promise is inferred." }, { "id": "mat-eea-textiles", "title": "Microplastics from textiles: towards a circular economy for textiles in Europe", "url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/microplastics-from-textiles-towards-a-circular-economy-for-textiles-in-europe/", "institution": "European Environment Agency", "date": "2022", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "EEA report referenced; no source prose or visual assets reused.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibre release, use-phase effects and textile-system context. No dated quantity or Europe-specific share presented as global current data." }, { "id": "cl-fefco-board", "title": "Production Process", "url": "https://www.fefco.org/technical-information/production-process", "institution": "European Federation of Corrugated Board Manufacturers (FEFCO)", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary industry description inspected for paper webs, fluting, starch bonding, drying, cutting and board layer counts. The object is explicitly corrugated board, distinguished from folding boxboard." }, { "id": "mat-evonik-silica", "title": "Silica is safe — frequently asked questions", "url": "https://www.evonik.com/en/company/businesslines/se/about-us/silica-is-safe/faq.html", "institution": "Evonik", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Synthetic amorphous silica and formulated toothpaste abrasives. No general assertion that all silica forms or exposures are safe." }, { "id": "ct-torch-fenix", "title": "PD35 V3.0 Flashlight: materials and specifications", "url": "https://www.fenixlighting.com/products/fenix-pd35-v3-flashlight", "institution": "Fenix Lighting", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Example of aluminium body, anodized finish, glass lens, regulated LED circuit and specified lithium-ion cell. No advertised lifetime, lumen or safety rating generalized. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ch-fiskars-scissors", "title": "Scissors: materials and construction", "url": "https://www.fiskars.com/en-en/collections/scissors", "institution": "Fiskars", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed brand page read for stainless blades and moulded reinforced-polymer handles. No exact handle resin is assigned to the representative soft-grip pair. Legacy catalogue links returned 404 and were not retained.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-fiskars-classic", "title": "Classic Professional Scissors: blade and pivot features", "url": "https://cuix-prod.fiskars.com/en-gb/creating/products/scissors/classic-professional-scissors-25-cm-1005151", "institution": "Fiskars", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product text read for stainless blades, ground edges and a screw-adjusted pivot. Direct opening timed out; the evidence is the indexed primary text, not a successful live-page retrieval.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "exp-mat-fao-silk-intro", "title": "Silk reeling and testing manual — Chapter 1: Introduction", "url": "https://www.fao.org/4/x2099e/x2099e02.htm", "institution": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Conventional mulberry sericulture, pupal treatment and reeling several filaments. Historical world-production tables are not used as current evidence." }, { "id": "exp-mat-fao-silk-cocoon", "title": "Silk reeling and testing manual — Chapter 2: Characteristics of the cocoon", "url": "https://www.fao.org/4/x2099e/x2099e03.htm", "institution": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibroin and sericin structure and cocoon characteristics; no recipe or species-wide uniform performance claimed." }, { "id": "cl-formesse-sheet", "title": "Cotton and elastane", "url": "https://www.formesse.de/en/advice-knowledge/translate-to-english-baumwolle-elastan.html", "institution": "Formesse", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer explanation inspected for cotton–elastane knitted fitted sheets and elastic recovery. Broad marketing statements such as elastane not degenerating over time are not adopted." }, { "id": "ch-titebond-glue", "title": "Wood-glue product information and indirect food contact", "url": "https://www.titebond.com/search/GLUE", "institution": "Franklin International / Titebond", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product information read and page opened. Used to establish that appropriate cured wood adhesives have specified indirect food-contact applications; no blanket approval of household adhesives is implied.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-umbrella", "title": "Fulton Umbrellas Spring/Summer 2025 brochure", "url": "https://cdn.asp.events/CLIENT_Ascentia_4E961A52_5056_B739_54289B84DF34E888/sites/springfair-2024/media/libraries/exhibitor-brochures/406620-SS25-Fulton-Brochure-Final-low-res-.pdf", "institution": "Fulton Umbrellas", "date": "2025", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer brochure hosted by exhibition organiser; representative polyester fabric and aluminium/fibreglass frame constructions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-microwave-ge", "title": "Microwave: metal cavity", "url": "https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=16781", "institution": "GE Appliances", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer support text read through the search index. Used for the conductive cavity and viewing-screen roles; the screen is discussed as part of a full door system rather than conflated with every RF-sealing detail.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "mat-bfr-ptfe", "title": "No adverse health effects to be expected from cookware with PTFE non-stick coating", "url": "https://www.bfr.bund.de/en/service/frequently-asked-questions/topic/selected-questions-and-answers-on-cookware-ovenware-and-frying-pans-with-a-non-stick-coating-made-of-ptfe", "institution": "German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)", "date": "2025", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Government risk-assessment information referenced; no source prose or illustrations reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Use limits and risk of strongly overheating empty PTFE-coated cookware. No numeric safe-use temperature generalized to all products." }, { "id": "ox-book-adhesive", "title": "How Quickly Can I Test Freshly Bound Books?", "url": "https://www.hbfuller.com/en/blog/thegluetalkblog/2018/april/how-quickly-can-i-test-freshly-bound-books", "institution": "H.B. Fuller", "date": "2018-04", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary adhesive-maker explanation of EVA hot melts and reactive polyurethane in perfect binding.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "cl-hartmann-food", "title": "Food Contact Safety Statement", "url": "https://hartmann-packaging.com/media/pghgvheo/food-contact-safety-statement-07-2025.pdf", "institution": "Hartmann Packaging", "date": "2025-07", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary PDF inspected for moulded-paper packaging, recovered-fibre construction and variants with colours or labels. Product food-contact declarations are not treated as permission to reuse every carton for every food purpose." }, { "id": "ox-scarf-hermes", "title": "Selle en Eclats scarf 90", "url": "https://www.hermes.com/us/en/product/selle-en-eclats-scarf-90-H004373Sv05/", "institution": "Hermès", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary example specifies silk twill and rolled edges. This is evidence of a construction, not a recommendation or claim about all scarves.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "cl-huhtamaki-egg", "title": "Smilepack egg cartons", "url": "https://www.huhtamaki.com/en/foodservice/smilepack-egg-cartons/", "institution": "Huhtamaki", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer page inspected for moulded recovered-fibre egg packaging and its protective shape. Article does not reproduce branded designs or generalize marketing claims about universal recyclability or compostability." }, { "id": "cl-huhtamaki-cup", "title": "Lower plastic cups", "url": "https://www.huhtamaki.com/en/foodservice/lower_plastic_cups/", "institution": "Huhtamaki", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary page inspected for paper-cup polyethylene barriers and coating reduction. A lower plastic mass is not described as absence of plastic; coating chemistry and local collection remain explicit." }, { "id": "ch-ikea-colander", "title": "ORDNING stainless-steel colander", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/ordning-colander-stainless-steel-00578204/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product text read for stainless bowl, drainage openings and side handles. The article describes representative ring/foot and rim constructions rather than certifying all joints in this product.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-ikea-food-box", "title": "IKEA 365+ food container with lid: square plastic", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/fi/en/p/ikea-365-food-container-with-lid-square-plastic-s89269108/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary material listing read and page opened: polypropylene vessel/lid and silicone seal. Heating and cleaning suitability remain product-specific.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "cl-fitted-sheet", "title": "STRANDLOKA fitted sheet — materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/jp/en/p/strandloka-fitted-sheet-white-00481947/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page directly inspected: main fabric is 95% cotton and 5% elastane, with elastic edging. Article maps elastane to the verified body fabric, not an assumed separate band chemistry. Exact model care settings are not generalized." }, { "id": "cl-ikea-bedding", "title": "How to choose the bed linen material that’s right for you", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/au/en/rooms/bedroom/how-to/how-to-choose-the-bed-linen-material-thats-right-for-you-pub2fd9c3f0/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary bedding guide inspected for fabric and fibre variants, including cotton and different woven constructions. No one fibre or weave is described as universally best." }, { "id": "cl-ikea-duvet", "title": "SMÅSPORRE duvet insert — materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/smasporre-duvet-insert-light-warm-80457019/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for cotton–polyester shell and polyester hollow-fibre filling. Used as a synthetic-fill example, not a claim about all duvets. Care and warmth specifications remain model-specific." }, { "id": "cl-ikea-mattress", "title": "VALEVÅG pocket spring mattress — materials and construction", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/valevag-pocket-spring-mattress-firm-white-20511854/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for polyester cover, flexible polyurethane foam, steel springs and polypropylene pockets. Article describes functional assemblies, omits undisclosed additives and avoids claiming a full chemical inventory." }, { "id": "ox-sofa-ikea", "title": "KIVIK sofa, Gunnared beige: materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/kivik-sofa-gunnared-beige-s89499703/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer example of wood-based frame, steel pocket springs, polyurethane foam and polyester textile layers. No product-specific service-life claim is generalized.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-mug", "title": "OFANTLIGT mug: materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/ofantligt-mug-white-00319022/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "A documented porcelain-and-glaze construction example, not the specification of the atlas illustration.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-chair", "title": "VIHALS chair: materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/us/en/p/vihals-chair-white-50569103/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Documented steel and polypropylene construction; atlas also discusses other chair types.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-chair-wood", "title": "STEFAN chair: materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/fi/en/p/stefan-chair-white-knisa-grey-beige-90575201/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Documented wood and fibre-based chair variant; not a generic bill of materials.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-saucepan", "title": "MIDDAGSMAT saucepan: construction and materials", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/ph/en/p/middagsmat-saucepan-with-lid-clear-glass-stainless-steel-60463728/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary example of aluminium between stainless-steel base layers; no universal grade inferred.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-chair-upholstery", "title": "STRANDMON armchair: materials and care", "url": "https://www.ikea.com/ca/en/p/strandmon-armchair-sulviken-blue-beige-80613166/", "institution": "IKEA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary evidence for wood-based structure, polyurethane foam and polyester cover; no source photo used.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-ikea-food-lid", "title": "IKEA 365+ food container with lid: rectangular plastic", "url": "https://www.ikea.co.id/en/products/storing-and-washing/food-containers/ikea-365-spr-69276794", "institution": "IKEA Indonesia", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed listing read for polypropylene lid and silicone-rubber seal. The article separately notes that clip and hinge designs vary.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-keys-ilco", "title": "Residential and Commercial Key Blanks", "url": "https://www.ilco.us/products/residential-and-commercial-key-blanks", "institution": "Ilco", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer describes brass and nickel-silver key blanks and variants; general page supports representative blank construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-sofa-inclass", "title": "KERN Technical Specifications", "url": "https://inclass.es/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/FT_KERN_ENG.pdf", "institution": "INCLASS", "date": "2025-01", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary furniture specification illustrating plywood structures, foam and polyester-fibre padding; representative upholstered construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-ineos-polystyrene", "title": "Polystyrene", "url": "https://www.ineos.com/industry/products/polymers/polystyrene/", "institution": "INEOS", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "GPPS/HIPS distinction and appliance applications. Broad simplified chemistry on the page is not used as a detailed synthesis description." }, { "id": "ox-fridge-styrenics", "title": "Kitchen applications for styrenic polymers", "url": "https://www.ineos.com/businesses/ineos-styrolution/industries/household/kitchen/", "institution": "INEOS Styrolution", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Styrenic resin applications in household refrigeration, including impact-modified polystyrene and ABS options.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-can-loop", "title": "Can-to-can recycling factsheet", "url": "https://international-aluminium.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Can-to-can-recycling-factsheet-FINAL.pdf", "institution": "International Aluminium Institute", "date": "2025-09", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Alloy sorting and definition of can-to-can recycling, not a universal collection promise.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-copper-cycle", "title": "Copper Life Cycle", "url": "https://internationalcopper.org/sustainable-copper/about-copper/copper-life-cycle/", "institution": "International Copper Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary versus secondary copper and processing. Industry source; recovery potential is not presented as universal collection." }, { "id": "exp-mat-inbar-bamboo", "title": "Transfer of Technology Model: The Bamboo Furniture Making Unit", "url": "https://www.inbar.int/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/1489454933.pdf", "institution": "International Network for Bamboo and Rattan / Nanjing Forestry University", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Laminated bamboo production sequence: culm sections, drying, grading, adhesive pressing, machining and finishing. Indexed PDF text inspected; direct retrieval returned 403. Old output, market and cost figures are not used." }, { "id": "ct-pcb-isola", "title": "IS410 FR-4 Epoxy Laminate and Prepreg", "url": "https://www.isola-group.com/wp-content/uploads/data-sheets/is410-fr-4-epoxy-laminate-and-prepreg.pdf", "institution": "Isola Group", "date": "2025-09-17", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Technical data sheet identifies epoxy system, E-glass fabric and copper foil. Supports representative rigid PCB material construction; no claim all boards use this grade. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "mat-pu-faq", "title": "Frequently asked questions on polyurethanes", "url": "https://polyurethanes.org/faqs/", "institution": "ISOPA / Polyurethanes.org", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polyol/isocyanate chemistry and formulation variety. Broad safety, environmental-preference and universal-recycling claims are deliberately not adopted." }, { "id": "ox-grip", "title": "What is the best griptape for my skateboard?", "url": "https://www.jessupmfg.com/blog/what-is-the-best-griptape-for-my-skateboard.html", "institution": "Jessup Manufacturing", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Abrasive options include aluminium oxide and silicon carbide. No product ranking or manufacturer imagery is repeated.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-jkadams-oil", "title": "Mineral Oil: cutting-board care and wood movement", "url": "https://www.jkadams.com/products/mineral-oil", "institution": "JK Adams", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed manufacturer page read for mineral-oil finish and wood response to moisture. The atlas does not repeat the misleading implication that oil hydrates wood with water.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-heater-alloys", "title": "Austenitic nickel–chromium resistance-heating alloys", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/knowledge-hub/heating-material-knowledge/resistance-heating-alloys/austenitic-alloys/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary technical text read through the search index. Supports NiCr alloy-family distinctions, high-temperature behaviour and blow-dryer applications. Material capability is not treated as a finished-appliance rating.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-heater-elements", "title": "Elements for electric appliances", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/en/knowledge-hub/heating-material-knowledge/element-types/elements-electric-appliances/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Technical page opened and read. Distinguishes embedded, supported and suspended heaters and different resistance alloys. Supports assembly-level explanations without publishing construction or repair instructions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-heater-af", "title": "Kanthal AF wire: material datasheet", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/products/datasheets/material-datasheets/wire/resistance-heating-wire-and-resistance-wire/kanthal-af/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "2024-09-05", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary datasheet read. Identifies FeCrAl as a separate alloy family and describes mica-supported toaster and hair-dryer applications; not conflated with nickel–chromium.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "century-mat-nichrome-grade", "title": "Nikrothal 80 resistance-heating wire datasheet", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/products/datasheets/material-datasheets/wire/resistance-heating-wire-and-resistance-wire/nikrothal-80/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "2024-09-05", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; facts consulted, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Original explanation of a documented nickel–chromium grade and the limits of generalising its specification.", "notes": "Supports resistivity, oxidation resistance, wire form and appliance-element examples. No numeric rating is generalised to every nichrome grade.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; no copied images or diagrams." }, { "id": "century-mat-heating-elements", "title": "Elements for electric appliances", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/en/knowledge-hub/heating-material-knowledge/element-types/elements-electric-appliances/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; facts consulted, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Distinguishes supported, suspended and embedded heating-element assemblies.", "notes": "Manufacturer engineering overview; construction examples are not universal product specifications or repair directions.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; no source artwork reused." }, { "id": "century-mat-nicr-family", "title": "Austenitic nickel–chromium resistance alloys", "url": "https://www.kanthal.com/knowledge-hub/heating-material-knowledge/resistance-heating-alloys/austenitic-alloys/", "institution": "Kanthal", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; facts consulted, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Explains grade variation and appliance uses without adopting comparative marketing claims.", "notes": "Nickel–chromium family behaviour and application examples; service limits remain grade and environment dependent.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; no source artwork reused." }, { "id": "ct-smoke-kidde", "title": "P9050 Battery Operated Photoelectric Smoke Alarm", "url": "https://www.kidde.com/products/smoke-alarms/battery-photoelectric-smoke-alarm", "institution": "Kidde", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Example of photoelectric detection, battery supply, test control and audible alarm. Atlas construction is representative, not a service diagram of this product. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-flash-kioxia", "title": "What is NAND Flash Memory?", "url": "https://www.kioxia.com/en-jp/rd/technology/nand-flash.html", "institution": "KIOXIA Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Primary explanation of nonvolatile charge storage, insulating layers and silicon substrate. No permanent retention guarantee implied." }, { "id": "ox-tile-laticrete", "title": "Thinsets: Planning a Job", "url": "https://www.laticrete.com/support-and-training/downloads-and-faq/faqs/planning-a-job/thinsets", "institution": "LATICRETE", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer technical explanation of thin-set adhesives and substrate/application requirements; no installation recipe is supplied.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-leather-finishing", "title": "Back to Basics: Leather Manufacture", "url": "https://www.leathernaturally.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/B-to-B_English.pdf", "institution": "Leather Naturally / World Leather", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Collagen structure, raw-material preparation, grain and split distinctions, drying and surface finishes. File-host date is not treated as the publication date." }, { "id": "exp-mat-leather-production", "title": "Modern Cow Leather Processing, version 1.1", "url": "https://www.leathernaturally.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/LN-Guide_to_leather_making_CONCISE-.pdf", "institution": "Leather Naturally; editor Luis Zugno", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary industry technical guide for beamhouse, tanning, retanning, colouring, fatliquoring and drying. Fact consultation only; no process artwork reused." }, { "id": "exp-mat-lwg-leather", "title": "Get to know how modern leather is made", "url": "https://www.leatherworkinggroup.com/learn-more/features/get-to-know-how-modern-leather-is-made", "institution": "Leather Working Group", "date": "2025-07-08", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Collagen preparation, tanning and finishing; promotional environmental and universal quality language not adopted." }, { "id": "o-led-materials", "title": "LED VALUE CLASSIC A product datasheet", "url": "https://www.ledvance.com/en/product-datasheet/6819/74110", "institution": "LEDVANCE", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Documented polycarbonate diffuser example; other lamp designs differ.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-tv-lg", "title": "LCD, Direct View LED and OLED Explained", "url": "https://solutions.lg.com/us/business/commercial-display/resources-hub/pdfs/LG-ebook-LCD-Direct-View-LED-and-OLED-Explained.pdf", "institution": "LG Electronics", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Layered LCD versus self-emissive OLED construction. Glass substrate composition is not equated with ordinary soda-lime window glass. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-mouse-ptfe", "title": "PRO X Superlight 2 SE: PTFE feet", "url": "https://www.logitechg.com/en-us/shop/p/pro-x-superlight-2-se.910-007651", "institution": "Logitech G", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer example of PTFE glide feet. The Atlas mouse is a generic wired example, not a depiction or complete specification of this wireless product. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-drill-makita", "title": "XFD131 Compact Brushless Cordless Driver-Drill", "url": "https://cdn.makitatools.com/apps/cms/doc/prod/XFD/92e85876-25c6-4dd5-b6ca-909b05ad5b32_XFD131_NTFE.pdf", "institution": "Makita USA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer fact sheet: electronically controlled brushless motor, metal gears, lithium-ion pack and overload/temperature protection. Performance comparisons omitted. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "cl-manduka-mats", "title": "What are the differences between the PRO and eKO series mats?", "url": "https://manduka.gorgias.help/en-US/what-are-the-differences-between-the-pro-and-eko-series-mats-188727", "institution": "Manduka", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Official help page inspected for PVC versus natural-rubber mat families and closed-cell surface behaviour. The accompanying Manduka EU FAQ establishes internal woven reinforcement in the selected PVC construction. Manufacturer lifecycle superlatives are not adopted." }, { "id": "cl-manduka-scrim", "title": "Helpcentrum — PRO yogamatten: internal woven scrim", "url": "https://eu.manduka.com/nl/blogs/faq/help-center-pro-series-yoga-mats-manduka-eu", "institution": "Manduka Europe", "date": "2023-09-18", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer FAQ directly inspected. Under the question about mat length, it explicitly identifies an internal woven scrim that maintains shape and prevents stretching. Fibre chemistry is not disclosed and remains unindexed. The article distinguishes foam compression from reinforcement against in-plane stretch; the page’s broader single-layer marketing description is not interpreted as proof of a homogeneous, unreinforced material." }, { "id": "cl-mattress-recycling", "title": "Why Recycle?", "url": "https://mattressrecyclingcouncil.org/why-recycle/", "institution": "Mattress Recycling Council", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary industry programme explanation inspected for mattress material separation, steel recovery, foam outlets and textile challenges. Programme availability and local acceptance are not generalized worldwide." }, { "id": "o-bottle-caps", "title": "Can plastic bottle caps be recycled?", "url": "https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/you-asked/can-plastic-caps-water-or-soda-bottles-be-recycled", "institution": "McGill University", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Bottle/cap resin distinction; local disposal guidance is not generalized.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-michelin-rubber", "title": "Natural Rubber at a glance", "url": "https://natural-rubber.michelin.com/natural-rubber-by-michelin/natural-rubber-at-a-glance", "institution": "Michelin", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Natural-rubber origin, processing and tyre role. Manufacturer source; no market shares or environmental endorsements used." }, { "id": "exp-mat-mit-concrete", "title": "Explained: Cement vs. concrete — their differences, and opportunities for sustainability", "url": "https://news.mit.edu/2020/explained-cement-vs-concrete-understanding-differences-and-sustainability-opportunities-0403", "institution": "MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub; Andrew Logan", "date": "2020-04-03", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cement/concrete distinction, hydration and sources of clinker emissions. Old emissions percentages and claims about present electrification feasibility are not adopted." }, { "id": "ct-usb-molex", "title": "USB3.0 Standard-A connector: customer drawing", "url": "https://www.molex.com/content/dam/molex/molex-dot-com/products/automated/en-us/salesdrawingpdf/484/48405/484050003_sd.pdf", "institution": "Molex", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "A receptacle example documents copper-alloy contacts, selective gold plating and stainless-steel shell. Used to explain connector material roles, not to assert that a generic flash-drive plug matches this part. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-buzzer-murata", "title": "Mechanism of sound: piezoelectric diaphragms", "url": "https://www.murata.com/en-eu/products/sound/library/basic/mechanism", "institution": "Murata Manufacturing", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Piezoelectric ceramic bonded to a brass or nickel-alloy plate, with electrical excitation producing bending. The exact alarm ceramic composition remains unspecified. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ch-moma-moka", "title": "Pirouette exhibition: Moka Express object label", "url": "https://press.moma.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MoMA_Pirouette-ObjectLabels_Final.pdf", "institution": "Museum of Modern Art", "date": "2024", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed collection label read for aluminium/plastic construction and lower-to-upper-chamber flow. The article does not adopt the label’s loose use of espresso terminology as pressure equivalence.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-pen-moma", "title": "Bic Cristal Ballpoint pen, 1950", "url": "https://www.moma.org/collection/works/82141", "institution": "Museum of Modern Art", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Collection record identifies polystyrene, polypropylene and tungsten carbide. Object image and curatorial prose are not reused.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "e-rubber-ozone", "title": "Understanding the link between ozone and rubber deterioration", "url": "https://www.applerubber.com/hot-topics-for-engineers/understanding-the-link-between-ozone-and-rubber-deterioration/", "institution": "Nathan Enser; Apple Rubber Products", "date": "2014-03-24; modified 2014-08-26", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Primary manufacturer discussion of rubber ozone testing consulted; only the qualitative material-sensitivity distinction summarized.", "notes": "No test procedure, pressure values or riding instructions reproduced. Supports natural rubber's ozone sensitivity and the effect of compounding. Relevant to seals-and-springs." }, { "id": "ct-smoke-nist", "title": "How Do Smoke Detectors Work?", "url": "https://www.nist.gov/how-do-you-measure-it/how-do-smoke-detectors-work", "institution": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Photoelectric detection by light scattered from particles; distinguishes ionization technology. No model-independent sensitivity or placement advice is provided. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ox-concrete-nrmca", "title": "About Concrete", "url": "https://www.nrmca.org/about-nrmca/about-concrete/", "institution": "National Ready Mixed Concrete Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Concrete as paste plus aggregate and cement hydration; cured binder is distinguished from starting cement powder.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "e-carbon-recovery", "title": "NREL Publishes Method for Recycling All Components in Carbon Fiber Composites", "url": "https://www.nlr.gov/news/detail/program/2025/nrel-publishes-method-for-recycling-all-components-in-carbon-fiber-composites", "institution": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory / BOTTLE consortium; now hosted by National Laboratory of the Rockies", "date": "2025-06-24", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or reuse rights not asserted; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Research findings summarized in original prose; no source photograph, diagram or procedure reused.", "notes": "Primary institutional report of its own research. Supports the distinction between recovery demonstrated in research and a widely available collection/recycling system. The reported method preserved fibre strength; do not imply all recovery inevitably destroys fibre properties. Relevant to frame-materials and recycling-reality." }, { "id": "e-silicone-seals", "title": "Silicone rubber parts", "url": "https://www.nationalrubber.com/materials/silicone", "institution": "National Rubber Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Manufacturer material properties summarized in original prose; no source imagery reused.", "notes": "Supports silicon–oxygen backbone, temperature flexibility and grade-dependent tear/abrasion limitations. No numeric service limits or food-contact certification claims applied to generic silicone. Relevant to seals-and-springs." }, { "id": "exp-mat-national-epdm", "title": "EPDM rubber parts: Extruded, molded and die cut", "url": "https://www.nationalrubber.com/materials/epdm", "institution": "National Rubber Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Ethylene–propylene–diene chemistry, vulcanisation, weather/water applications and poor petroleum-oil compatibility. Supplier temperature ranges are not universal ratings." }, { "id": "natural-earth-land", "title": "Natural Earth 1:110m land polygons", "url": "https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/110m-physical-vectors/110m-land/", "institution": "Natural Earth; Tom Patterson, Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso and contributors", "date": "Versioned dataset; accessed 2026-11-13", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Public domain; worldwide personal, educational and commercial use explicitly permitted by Natural Earth terms.", "usage": "Land outline converted from GeoJSON to equirectangular SVG coordinates; rounded to one decimal place, restyled. No political boundaries drawn.", "notes": "Rights verified at https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/. Source file from official project repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/master/geojson/ne_110m_land.geojson. Attribution: Made with Natural Earth. Country markers are approximate editorial placements, not mine coordinates." }, { "id": "cl-cap-fit", "title": "Find your fit: which New Era cap is right for you?", "url": "https://www.neweracap.com/blogs/stories/find-your-fit-which-new-era-cap-is-right-for-you", "institution": "New Era Cap", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary style guide inspected for fitted, adjustable and unstructured cap variants. Marketing and team imagery are not reproduced; the source supports construction distinctions only." }, { "id": "ox-cable-nexans", "title": "H05VV-F (RKK) 300/500 V", "url": "https://www.nexans.se/en/products/Specialty-LV-cables-and-flexible-cords/H05VV-F-R-536929548.html", "institution": "Nexans", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary cable construction: stranded copper, individual PVC insulation and PVC outer sheath. Ratings are not generalized into installation advice.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-nordicware-tray", "title": "Naturals Big Sheet: aluminium body and galvanized steel rim", "url": "https://www.nordicware.com/products/naturals-big-sheet-baking-pan/", "institution": "Nordic Ware", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed manufacturer text read and page opened: uncoated aluminium and encapsulated galvanized steel reinforcement. Absolute marketing promises of no hot spots or no warping are not reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-nordicware-coated", "title": "Naturals Nonstick Bakers Half Sheet: silicone coating", "url": "https://www.nordicware.com/products/naturals-nonstick-bakers-half-sheet/", "institution": "Nordic Ware", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary specification read and page opened for aluminium, encapsulated steel reinforcement and silicone release coating. This prevents treating every nonstick baking surface as PTFE.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "mat-nlwa-borosilicate", "title": "Borosilicate glass: recycling guidance", "url": "https://www.nlwa.gov.uk/whatcanwerecycle/borosilicate-glass", "institution": "North London Waste Authority", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "An explicit local example explaining why borosilicate is excluded from bottle-glass collection. North London disposal directions are not generalized internationally." }, { "id": "cl-nuobang-pump", "title": "Inside vs Outside Spring Lotion Pumps", "url": "https://www.yynuobang.com/inside-vs-outside-spring-lotion-pumps/", "institution": "NuoBang Packaging", "date": "2026-10-26", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary pump manufacturer explanation inspected for polypropylene housing/actuator parts, LDPE piston, stainless spring and spring-location differences. Compatibility remains formulation-specific; no unsupported universal chemical resistance or safety promise is repeated." }, { "id": "ct-mouse-omron", "title": "Seeking the Ultimate Gaming Mouse", "url": "https://components.omron.com/eu-en/news/products/seeking-the-ultimate-gaming-mouse", "institution": "OMRON Device & Module Solutions", "date": "2021-01-18", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Microswitch actuation and the relationship between force, travel and perceived click. No product-life or performance ranking adopted. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "mat-omya-minerals", "title": "Our Minerals", "url": "https://www.omya.com/en/our-minerals", "institution": "Omya", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Calcium-carbonate mineral sources and applications. Promotional renewable-resource and carbon comparisons are not adopted." }, { "id": "mat-omya-oral", "title": "Oral Care Portfolio — Natural Calcium Carbonates", "url": "https://www.omya.com/content/dam/omya/global/global/language-masters/en/files/products-and-solutions/personal-and-home-care/Omya_Oral_Care_Portfolio_REU_EN.20250703074535254.pdf.coredownload.pdf", "institution": "Omya", "date": "2025", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Role of specified calcium-carbonate grades as oral-care abrasives. Not used as a consumer treatment recommendation or manufacturing recipe." }, { "id": "ch-oster-blender", "title": "Easy-to-Clean Blender with 6-Cup Boroclass Glass Jar", "url": "https://www.oster.ca/en_CA/blenders/oster-easy-to-clean-blender-with-6-cup-boroclass-glass-jar/2188903.html", "institution": "Oster", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product text read through the search index for stainless blades, a glass vessel and a metal drive example. Boroclass is not assumed to identify a published glass composition.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "o-washer", "title": "Quality built to last: washing machine drums", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/en/expertise/2018/quality-built-to-last", "institution": "Outokumpu", "date": "2018", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary stainless supplier account; universal recyclability promotional wording not adopted.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-oxo-board", "title": "Carving and Cutting Board: polypropylene construction", "url": "https://www.oxo.com/shop/kitchenware/cooking-baking/cutting-boards/carving-cutting-board.html", "institution": "OXO", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed specification read for a polypropylene board, soft edges and non-slip feet. Used for contrasting board constructions; the foot elastomer is not identified.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-oxo-colander", "title": "Colanders, steamers and strainers", "url": "https://www.oxo.com/shop/kitchenware/tools-gadgets/colanders-streamers-strainers.html", "institution": "OXO", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product-family page read: stainless colanders and collapsible silicone strainers demonstrate distinct construction families. No unreported handle polymer is assigned.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "o-led-build", "title": "High-efficiency lighting", "url": "https://basc.pnnl.gov/resource-guides/high-efficiency-lighting", "institution": "Pacific Northwest National Laboratory", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "LED base heat sink and solid-state lighting explanation.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ch-fan-panasonic", "title": "FV-38CH8 fan material and dimensional specification", "url": "https://www.panasonic.com/content/dam/pim/vn/en/FV/FV-CMV/FV-CMVF-STD-SPP/FV-38CH8_SpecSheet.pdf", "institution": "Panasonic", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed specification table read: polypropylene blade, galvanized-steel frame and ABS louver. This ventilation fan supports material-use examples, not an exact desk-fan bill of materials.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "exp-mat-parker-elastomers", "title": "Parker O-Ring Handbook — Basic O-Ring Elastomers", "url": "https://www.parker.com/content/dam/Parker-com/Literature/O-Ring-Division-Literature/ORD-5700.pdf", "institution": "Parker Hannifin, O-Ring & Engineered Seals Division", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "EPDM/EPR identification and chemical compatibility. Relevant indexed handbook text inspected; full retrieval exceeded the browser size limit. No numeric service limit applied to every grade." }, { "id": "cl-patagonia-raincoat", "title": "Men’s Torrentshell 3L Rain Jacket — materials and construction", "url": "https://www.patagonia.com/product/mens-torrentshell-3-layer-rain-jacket/85241.html", "institution": "Patagonia", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for nylon face, three-layer construction, polycarbonate-polyurethane barrier, inner backer and garment openings. Polycarbonate-polyurethane is treated as polyurethane chemistry, not a separate polycarbonate sheet. Unspecified backer fibre is left unindexed." }, { "id": "o-fleece", "title": "Polyester: Virgin & Recycled", "url": "https://www.patagonia.com/our-footprint/polyester.html", "institution": "Patagonia", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer evidence of polyester fleece and textile recycling challenges. No production figures or promotional footprint claims reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-backpack", "title": "Everyday Line: bag construction and materials", "url": "https://www.peakdesign.com/pages/everyday-line", "institution": "Peak Design", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer example of a woven nylon bag shell; product claims do not establish all-pack performance.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-pet", "title": "PET frequently asked questions", "url": "https://petresin.org/faqs/", "institution": "PET Resin Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "PET bottle material and recovery methods; trade association source.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-codes", "title": "Consumer guide to plastic resin codes", "url": "https://petresin.org/consumers-guide-to-recycling-codes/", "institution": "PET Resin Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Resin identification is distinguished from collection availability.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-bamboo-standard", "title": "PH leads international standardization of laminated bamboo strips for indoor furniture use", "url": "https://bps.dti.gov.ph/press-releases/28-2021/284-ph-leads-international-standardization-of-laminated-bamboo-strips-for-indoor-furniture-use", "institution": "Philippines Department of Trade and Industry, Bureau of Philippine Standards", "date": "2021-09-13", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Definition of engineered bamboo strips and furniture use. Historical standard-development notice is not described as a current standards status." }, { "id": "ch-iron-philips", "title": "Azur Advanced steam iron: soleplate construction", "url": "https://www.philips.com/c-p/GC4936_00/azur-advanced-steam-iron-with-optimaltemp-technology/overview", "institution": "Philips", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product text read for stainless-base and multilayer-coated soleplate variants. Comparative marketing hardness claims are not generalised to all steel and aluminium grades.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "o-kettle", "title": "HD9305/26 kettle specifications", "url": "https://www.philips.ae/c-p/HD9305_26/kettle", "institution": "Philips", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Documented stainless steel and polypropylene example, not a universal kettle specification.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-pilkington-glass", "title": "How we make glass: chemistry of glass", "url": "https://www.pilkington.com/en-gb/united-kingdom/knowledge-hub-selection/architectural-and-technical-glass-knowledge-hub/learn-about-glass-technology/chemistry-of-glass", "institution": "Pilkington / NSG Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Soda-lime ingredients and flat-glass production. Manufacturer source used for process explanation." }, { "id": "ox-mirror-pilkington", "title": "Gl@ssary: Silvering and mirror definitions", "url": "https://www.pilkington.com/en/gbl/knowledge-hub-selection/architectural-and-technical-glass-knowledge-hub/glassary", "institution": "Pilkington / NSG Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary technical glossary explains deposition of silver on glass and protective backing paint.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-plexiglas-technical", "title": "PLEXIGLAS GS/XT — Technical information, reference 211-1", "url": "https://www.plexiglas.de/files/plexiglas-content/pdf/technische-informationen/211-1-EN-PLEXIGLAS-GS-XT.pdf", "institution": "POLYVANTIS", "date": "2025-04", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cast and extruded PMMA, optical behaviour, physical properties, limited solvent resistance and processing constraints. Manufacturer superlatives not repeated." }, { "id": "ox-skateboard-powell", "title": "Skateboard Specifications", "url": "https://powell-peralta.com/products/specs", "institution": "Powell Peralta", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary examples of laminated maple decks and polyurethane wheels. Proprietary performance claims and graphics are not reused.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-pen-tip", "title": "Writing Tips Catalogue", "url": "https://www.premec.ch/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PREMEC_tips_catalog_2024.pdf", "institution": "Premec", "date": "2024", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary tip manufacturer catalog lists brass, nickel-plated brass, stainless steel and tungsten-carbide options; supports construction diversity.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "cl-racket-grommets", "title": "US5993337A — Multi-hole grommet for sports racquets", "url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US5993337", "institution": "Prince Sports Group; patent record via Google Patents", "date": "1999-11-30", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary patent text inspected for composite-frame context and protective plastic grommet strips at string holes. Historical engineering evidence, not a claim that every modern racket uses the patented arrangement. Exact grommet polymer remains unassigned." }, { "id": "ct-stapler-rapesco", "title": "AV-55 Heavy Duty Stapler", "url": "https://rapesco.com/product/av-55-heavy-duty-stapler/", "institution": "Rapesco", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer confirms metal construction and ABS body. Supports a material pairing; generic stapler geometry and mechanism prose are original." }, { "id": "cl-leather-belt", "title": "Work Belt — materials and construction", "url": "https://reconciledleatherco.com/products/work-belt", "institution": "Reconciled Leather Co.", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary maker page inspected for full-grain leather, solid brass hardware and polyester stitching. This is evidence for a representative construction; the maker’s warranty and lifespan claims are not generalized." }, { "id": "e-wood-moisture", "title": "Wood Handbook, Chapter 13: Drying and control of moisture content and dimensional changes", "url": "https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/62261", "institution": "Richard Bergman; USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory", "date": "2021", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Facts referenced only; no source text, tables or imagery reproduced and no international asset-rights assumption made.", "usage": "Original summary of moisture exchange and dimensional changes in wood.", "notes": "General Technical Report FPL-GTR-282. Relevant to chair-materials and nature-reengineered." }, { "id": "cl-cap-glossary", "title": "Product Glossary", "url": "https://richardsonsports.com/explore/product-glossary", "institution": "Richardson Sports", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary glossary inspected for cap panel constructions, bill inserts, buckram, sweatbands and structured versus unstructured forms. Hidden stiffener polymers are not inferred where not disclosed." }, { "id": "cl-rimowa-case", "title": "Hybrid Trunk Plus — materials and features", "url": "https://www.rimowa.com/hk/en/luggage/colour/beige/trunk-plus/88480711.html", "institution": "RIMOWA", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for polycarbonate shell, aluminium reinforcement, polyester interior and rolling hardware. Unspecified handle and wheel polymers remain unindexed. No advertising durability claim is treated as a quantified service-life guarantee." }, { "id": "ch-roesle-whisk", "title": "Whisks: wire geometry, handles and coatings", "url": "https://www.roesle.com/en/kitchen-tools/whisk", "institution": "RÖSLE", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary text read and page opened: stainless wires and handles, hanging loops, silicone and PPA-coated variants. Coatings are distinguished from the underlying wires.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-roesle-catalogue", "title": "Kitchen catalogue: wire whisks", "url": "https://www.roesle.com/media/fe/fe/1f/1673941906/ROESLE_Katalog_Kueche_2023_ENG_ohne_Preise.pdf", "institution": "RÖSLE", "date": "2023", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed catalogue read for stainless tubular handles and multiple wire-whisk formats. Used as construction evidence only; no catalogue illustration reused.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-iron-rowenta", "title": "Pro Master X-Cel steam iron: soleplate details", "url": "https://www.rowentausa.com/pro-master-x-cel-clothes-and-garment-steam-iron.html", "institution": "Rowenta", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed manufacturer text read and product page opened. Supports a stainless-steel soleplate with steam openings; hidden housing polymers are not inferred from appearance.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "exp-mat-rsc-silver", "title": "Silver — Element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/47/silver", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Metallic silver, alloys, reflection, sulfur tarnish and functional uses. Historic or undated production rankings not used." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-zinc", "title": "Zinc — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/30/zinc", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-nickel", "title": "Nickel — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/28/nickel", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-tin", "title": "Tin — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/50/tin", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-gold", "title": "Gold — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/79/gold", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-lithium", "title": "Lithium — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/3/lithium", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-cobalt", "title": "Cobalt — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/27/cobalt", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-silicon", "title": "Silicon — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/14/silicon", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-neodymium", "title": "Neodymium — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/60/neodymium", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "mat-rsc-titanium", "title": "Titanium — element information, properties and uses", "url": "https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/22/titanium", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable chemistry and uses only. This page includes historical or outdated production information; its rankings and supply-risk figures are deliberately not used. No element artwork reused." }, { "id": "century-mat-elastane-recycling", "title": "New insights into urethane alcoholysis enable chemical full recycling of blended fabric waste", "url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2023/gc/d2gc03663k", "institution": "Royal Society of Chemistry / Green Chemistry", "date": "2023", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Publisher terms; facts consulted, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Research evidence that elastane chemistry complicates recycling of mixed textiles.", "notes": "Search-indexed primary research text consulted; direct automated retrieval returned 403. Laboratory recycling is not presented as a local collection service.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; no figures, procedures or prose copied." }, { "id": "ox-umbrella-samsonite", "title": "Windguard Auto Open/Close Umbrella: construction", "url": "https://www.samsonite.com.au/accessories/unbrellas-windguard.html", "institution": "Samsonite Australia", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary construction example for a three-section steel shaft, opening mechanism and canopy straps. The page’s canopy bullet and generic material field differ, so no exact fibre identification is taken from this source; polyester canopy evidence comes from the Fulton manufacturer brochure.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-usda-wood-moisture", "title": "Wood Handbook, Chapter 4: Moisture relations and physical properties of wood", "url": "https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/62243", "institution": "Samuel V. Glass and Samuel L. Zelinka; USDA Forest Service", "date": "2021-03", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government handbook referenced; no third-party material or visual assets reused.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Direct Chapter 4 publication record, verified via the complete handbook. Moisture-related dimensional behaviour only; no numeric design values generalized." }, { "id": "mat-schott-borosilicate", "title": "Borosilicate Glass", "url": "https://www.schott.com/en-gb/expertise/materials/borosilicate-glass", "institution": "SCHOTT", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Boron-containing glass family and characteristic applications; manufacturer-specific performance is not generalized into numeric limits." }, { "id": "mat-schott-types", "title": "Types of Technical Glasses", "url": "https://www.schott.com/en-gb/products/sealing-and-solder-glass/-/media/Project/OnEx/Products/S/sealing-and-solder-glass/Downloads/M-63685.pdf?rev=7a7e505d665b454fa85da96069c927ef", "institution": "SCHOTT", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Borosilicate and aluminosilicate families, composition differences and ion-exchange strengthening." }, { "id": "mat-schott-properties", "title": "Main properties of SCHOTT glass", "url": "https://media.schott.com/api/public/content/d7ee2de3f73a46758a278d530a64aafe?download=true&v=dcdb40bd", "institution": "SCHOTT", "date": "2026-07", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Specific-grade property table confirms that glass families have differing properties. No values presented as universal material constants." }, { "id": "o-boro", "title": "Borosilicate glass", "url": "https://www.schott.com/en-gb/expertise/materials/borosilicate-glass", "institution": "SCHOTT", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer material properties; no claim that every kettle uses this glass.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-watch-seiko", "title": "SUR555 Essentials: materials and movement", "url": "https://seikousa.com/products/sur555", "institution": "Seiko", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer example of a stainless-steel quartz watch with sapphire window. The representative atlas watch has different possible strap and cell choices.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-watch-battery", "title": "SEIZAIKEN Mercury-Free Silver Oxide Battery", "url": "https://www.sii.co.jp/en/me/battery/products/silver-oxide/", "institution": "Seiko Instruments", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Silver-oxide primary watch cells and intended applications; distinguishes compound active material from bulk silver and rechargeable alternatives.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-watch-quartz", "title": "Quartz: Watch Knowledge", "url": "https://www.seikowatches.com/uk-en/customerservice/knowledge/quartz-knowledge", "institution": "Seiko Watch Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary explanation of the quartz resonator and timing principle; no unsupported universal accuracy figure is stated.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "cl-select-ball", "title": "X-Turf football — material and construction specifications", "url": "https://www.select-sport.com/products/x-turf-120081", "institution": "SELECT Sport", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for polyurethane surface, foam and polyester panel assembly, butyl bladder and stitched/bonded construction. Butyl is explicitly distinguished from natural rubber; unspecified foam chemistry is not guessed." }, { "id": "cl-select-lab", "title": "SELECT Lab — football construction", "url": "https://www.select-sport.com/pages/select-lab-football", "institution": "SELECT Sport", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary construction page inspected for bladder and panel-joining variants, including latex and synthetic-rubber systems. Sporting class and construction differences are retained instead of asserting a universal ball recipe." }, { "id": "o-headphone", "title": "HD 480 PRO: driver and replaceable components", "url": "https://www.sennheiser.com/en-us/catalog/products/headphones/hd-480-pro/hd-480-pro-700499", "institution": "Sennheiser", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary construction example with neodymium magnets and dynamic drivers. Supersedes a removed legacy PDF link; no product photograph reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-headphone-coil", "title": "Introducing the HD 620S: aluminium voice coil construction", "url": "https://newsroom.sennheiser.com/distraction-off-open-sound-on-8bids8", "institution": "Sennheiser / Sonova Consumer Hearing", "date": "2024-05-08", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary evidence for aluminium voice coils; product performance promotional language not adopted.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-bicycle", "title": "Frame Materials for the Touring Cyclist", "url": "https://www.sheldonbrown.com/frame-materials.html", "institution": "Sheldon Brown; revised by John Allen", "date": "2010-08", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Engineering explanation of stiffness, geometry and materials. Revised August 2010. No current purchase recommendations or statistics.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-buckles", "title": "Duraflex Standard Items", "url": "https://shimada1887.com/en/features/duraflex-standarditems/", "institution": "Shimada Shoji, Duraflex distributor", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Supplier specification examples for polymer buckle and adjustment hardware, including POM; not a universal bag bill of materials.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-sibelco-silica", "title": "Silica", "url": "https://www.sibelco.com/en/materials/silica", "institution": "Sibelco", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Quartz, silica sand and flour; purity/particle requirements and industrial uses. Broad abundance claims not adopted." }, { "id": "cl-silgan-closure", "title": "Closure Processing Guidelines — metal twist-off closures, version 2022C", "url": "https://www.silgan-closures.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/CPG-MCTO-2022C-DE.pdf", "institution": "Silgan Closures", "date": "2022", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary technical PDF inspected for tinplate steel, lug geometry, PVC-plastisol sealing compounds and closure-system compatibility. Facts are summarized in original language; restricted source diagrams and text are not reproduced. No home-preserving procedure is supplied." }, { "id": "o-frames-titanium", "title": "S-Titanium material story", "url": "https://www.silhouette-group.com/en/stories/s-titanium", "institution": "Silhouette Group", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary manufacturer evidence of titanium eyewear; promotional superiority claims not reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-washer-spec", "title": "LBB14PK-2 washing machine technical specification", "url": "https://pi-exchange.smeg.it/catalog/LBB14PK-2/en-GB", "institution": "Smeg", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer PDF specifies polypropylene tank and stainless steel basket. Generated catalogue document; construction example, not an exact atlas model.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-skateboard-smithsonian", "title": "Powell Quicksilver skateboard designed by George Powell and used by Stacy Peralta", "url": "https://americanhistory.si.edu/ne/collections/object/nmah_682797", "institution": "Smithsonian National Museum of American History", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Historical collection record identifies wood, aluminium and polyurethane in one skateboard; it is a variant example, not a current universal construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-pencil", "title": "Pencils and accessories", "url": "https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/pencils-and-accessories/", "institution": "STAEDTLER", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Graphite/clay ratio and hardness grade.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-pencil-making", "title": "Pencil production factsheet", "url": "https://e.staedtlercdn.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Company/Newsroom/Press_Release_2020/STAEDTLER_Factsheet_pencil_production_A4_EN.1596184770.pdf", "institution": "STAEDTLER", "date": "2020", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary production description; no source photographs used.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-hammer-stanley", "title": "10 oz Curved Claw Wood Handle Hammer", "url": "https://www.stanleytools.com/product/stht51455/10-oz-curved-claw-wood-handle-hammer", "institution": "STANLEY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Explicit forged carbon-steel head example, supplementing the hickory-handle evidence. Promotional claims omitted. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-measure-stanley", "title": "25-ft PowerLock Tape Measure", "url": "https://www.stanleytools.com/en-us/product/33-425/25-ft-powerlock-tape-measure", "institution": "STANLEY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Steel blade, polyester protective film, ABS case and locking mechanism. Product dimensions are not imposed on the generic illustration. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-measure-hook", "title": "PowerLock 12-ft Tape Measure: sliding end hook", "url": "https://www.stanleytools.com/en-us/product/33-272/powerlock-12-ft-tape-measure", "institution": "STANLEY", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Manufacturer explains hook movement compensating for its thickness in internal and external measurements. No claim that a bent or damaged hook remains accurate. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ch-stanley-stopper", "title": "Insulated drinkware: frequently asked questions", "url": "https://www.stanley1913.com/pages/faq", "institution": "Stanley 1913", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed FAQ read for polypropylene stopper construction. Claims of universal safety approvals or unlimited lifespan are not adopted.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "o-pan", "title": "The secret of pan manufacture", "url": "https://www.tefal.com/weoweyouthebest/pan-manufacturing-secret", "institution": "Tefal / Groupe SEB", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer evidence of aluminium/PTFE and ceramic-coated variants; safety promotional claims not adopted.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-cookware", "title": "Pots and pans: cookware materials", "url": "https://www.tefal.com/pots-pans", "institution": "Tefal / Groupe SEB", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Construction options including aluminium and stainless steel.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "century-mat-elastane-production", "title": "Manufactured fibres report: section 3.4 Spandex–Polyurethane", "url": "https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/TERA%20Task17%20Report%20Phthalates%20and%20ASTM%20Elements%20in%20Manufactured%20Fibers.pdf", "institution": "TERA / University of Cincinnati, prepared for the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission", "date": "2016-09-20; CPSC staff statement October 2016", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Publicly accessible commissioned report; facts referenced, no blanket reuse rights asserted.", "usage": "Fibre chemistry and manufacturing route, not current legal compliance or product safety claims.", "notes": "Section 3.4 supports segmented-polyurethane composition and solution-spinning discussion.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; report figures and prose not reproduced." }, { "id": "ct-tape-tesa", "title": "tesafilm BASIC transparent: Product Information", "url": "https://www.tesa.com/en/files/download/11254504%2C2%2Cmedium-11254504.pdf", "institution": "tesa SE", "date": "2024-03-02", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Biaxially oriented polypropylene backing and water-based acrylic adhesive. Acrylic adhesive is explicitly distinguished from rigid PMMA acrylic sheet. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "o-carton", "title": "Carton packaging materials", "url": "https://www.tetrapak.com/en-gb/solutions/packaging/packaging-material", "institution": "Tetra Pak", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Paperboard, polymer and aluminium roles in a documented aseptic carton construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-carton-loop", "title": "Tetra Pak cartons: From used to useful again", "url": "https://www.tetrapak.com/about-tetra-pak/stories/recycling-series-from-used-to-useful-again", "institution": "Tetra Pak", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibre separation and harder-to-recover polymer/aluminium fraction; collection differs by location.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-router-ti", "title": "AN058: Antenna Selection Guide", "url": "https://www.ti.com/lit/an/swra161b/swra161b.pdf", "institution": "Texas Instruments", "date": "Undated; revision B", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "PCB, chip and external antenna options; board/ground geometry changes antenna behaviour. Not used as an antenna-construction tutorial. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-router-pcb", "title": "AN043: Small Size 2.4 GHz PCB Antenna", "url": "https://www.ti.com/lit/an/swra117d/swra117d.pdf", "institution": "Texas Instruments", "date": "Undated; revision D", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Example of an antenna formed in a printed-circuit-board conductor. Dimensions, tuning instructions and copied geometry are omitted. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "mat-textile-melt", "title": "Melt Spinning", "url": "https://textileexchange.org/glossary/melt-spinning/", "institution": "Textile Exchange", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Basic fibre-manufacturing definition. Only the process fact is used; explanation is original." }, { "id": "e-aluminium-conductors", "title": "Product markets: Electrical", "url": "https://www.aluminum.org/electrical", "institution": "The Aluminum Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Industry association source for conductivity relative to mass and the need for aluminium-specific connection methods. Promotional environmental assertions and installation instructions are not reproduced. Relevant to wire-metals." }, { "id": "mat-aluminium-association", "title": "Aluminum Production and Processing", "url": "https://www.aluminum.org/aluminum-production-and-processing", "institution": "The Aluminum Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary and secondary production and forming routes. Industry source; no comparative environmental claims adopted." }, { "id": "o-can", "title": "Background on Aluminum Containers", "url": "https://www.aluminum.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/AA_ContainerDesignGuide.pdf", "institution": "The Aluminum Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Separate alloys for body and lid; no recycling-rate claim reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-ceramics-porcelain", "title": "Holistic health: How ceramics and glass contribute to our physical and mental wellbeing", "url": "https://bulletin.ceramics.org/article/holistic-health-how-ceramics-and-glass-contribute-to-our-physical-and-mental-wellbeing/", "institution": "The American Ceramic Society", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Porcelain ingredients and dense fired structure. No health claims or illustrations reused." }, { "id": "mat-ceramics-history", "title": "Rivalry and Dresden plates and quilts: European porcelain production", "url": "https://ceramics.org/ceramic-tech-today/rivalry-and-dresden-plates-and-quilts-oh-my-a-look-at-the-history-and-impact-of-european-porcelain-production/", "institution": "The American Ceramic Society", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Kaolin–feldspar–quartz basis of hard-paste porcelain; historical context only." }, { "id": "cl-lycra", "title": "Why choose LYCRA dualFX technology?", "url": "https://one.lycra.com/en/business/news/why-choose-lycra-dualfx-technology", "institution": "The LYCRA Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary text consulted for elastane stretch and polyester recovery contributions in stretch-denim yarn systems. Direct retrieval returned HTTP 403. Branded performance claims and exact recipes were not generalized to all jeans." }, { "id": "century-mat-elastane-identity", "title": "Quality: LYCRA fibre, spandex and elastane questions", "url": "https://one.lycra.com/en/lycra-frequently-asked-questions/quality-lycra", "institution": "The LYCRA Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; facts consulted, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Generic fibre names, trademark distinction and manufacturer care guidance.", "notes": "Search-indexed official text consulted; direct automated retrieval returned 403. Branded performance claims are not generalised to all elastic fibres.", "modifications": "Original editorial synthesis; no logos or source imagery reused." }, { "id": "mat-cast-iron", "title": "Sand casting", "url": "https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/engineering-technology/manupedia/sand-casting", "institution": "The Open University", "date": "2017", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Foundry process and grey-cast-iron graphite structure. OpenLearn material is referenced only; no licensed educational prose or diagrams reused." }, { "id": "design-outfit-font", "title": "Outfit variable font and SIL Open Font License 1.1", "url": "https://github.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts/tree/902773808eb372f70fb34e8946dd1ffe604efc79", "institution": "The Outfit Project Authors; Smartsheet, Inc. and Rodrigo Fuenzalida", "date": "2023-03-26 (upstream font commit); copyright 2021", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "SIL Open Font License 1.1. Commercial use, embedding and redistribution permitted subject to the included copyright notice and licence. Font software may not be sold by itself.", "usage": "Unmodified official variable WOFF2 font hosted locally as /assets/fonts/atlas-sans.woff2. Used for original atlas typography under the CSS family alias Atlas Sans. Full licence and authors file shipped beside the font.", "notes": "Original file: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts/902773808eb372f70fb34e8946dd1ffe604efc79/fonts/variable/Outfit%5Bwght%5D.woff2. Official licence: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts/902773808eb372f70fb34e8946dd1ffe604efc79/OFL.txt. Weight axis verified 100–900; atlas uses light through bold. File SHA-256 d7340c446921781adfcf7c8fbffab32867904caa14cf6170533f5a58e2051e1b. Source file is 45,064 bytes and matches the official Git blob. No fonts, glyphs or brand assets were extracted from the user’s design-reference PDF. Outfit supplies Latin and euro characters; missing symbols use the system fallback." }, { "id": "cl-wool-care", "title": "Caring for wool", "url": "https://www.woolmark.com/care/care-for-wool", "institution": "The Woolmark Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary care guidance inspected for label-led cleaning, drying, storage and maintaining knitted garments. Instructions remain product-specific; no universal washing temperature is prescribed." }, { "id": "cl-wool-washable", "title": "Machine-washable wool", "url": "https://www.woolmark.com/industry/use-wool/processing-innovations/machine-washable-wool/", "institution": "The Woolmark Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary processing guidance inspected for felting, fibre surface scales and shrink-resist treatments. A treatment resin is not mapped to ordinary nylon textile fibre, and treated wool is distinguished from untreated wool." }, { "id": "mat-wool-fibre", "title": "What is the Wool Fibre?", "url": "https://www.woolmark.com/fibre/what-is-the-wool-fibre/", "institution": "The Woolmark Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Keratin structure, crimp, moisture and elasticity. Promotional comparative claims and universal disposal claims are not adopted." }, { "id": "mat-wool-processing", "title": "How Wool is Made — Processing and Manufacturing", "url": "https://www.woolmark.com/industry/product-development/wool-processing/", "institution": "The Woolmark Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Woollen and worsted processing routes and fabric manufacture." }, { "id": "mat-wool-wash", "title": "Machine Washable Wool", "url": "https://www.woolmark.com/industry/product-development/processing-innovations/machine-washable-wool", "institution": "The Woolmark Company", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Finishes can change shrink behaviour. Atlas does not claim every wool garment is machine washable." }, { "id": "ox-tile-tcna", "title": "Tile: The Natural Choice", "url": "https://tcnatile.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2025_Tile-the-Natural-Choice.pdf", "institution": "Tile Council of North America", "date": "2025", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Ceramic tile ingredients and manufacturing context. Industry marketing and environmental rankings are not adopted.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-tile-grout", "title": "North American Cement Grout for Tile Installation: Environmental Product Declaration", "url": "https://tcnatile.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/TCNA-IW-EPD-Grout-2022.12.15.pdf", "institution": "Tile Council of North America", "date": "2022-12-15", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Cementitious grout composition and product boundary; distinguishes grout from tile and mortar.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "e-carbon-damage", "title": "Trek Carbon Care", "url": "https://www.trekbikes.com/us/en_US/carbon_care/", "institution": "Trek Bicycle Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced.", "usage": "Manufacturer information consulted for hidden impact damage and the importance of manufacturer-directed assessment. No sales offer or promotional imagery reused.", "notes": "This manufacturer's guidance is not generalized into a universal repair approval. Relevant to frame-materials." }, { "id": "ox-helmet-cpsc", "title": "Bicycle Helmets: Business Guidance", "url": "https://www.cpsc.gov/Business--Manufacturing/Business-Education/Business-Guidance/Bicycle-Helmets", "institution": "U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Complete-helmet performance requirements in a specific jurisdiction; not presented as a worldwide certification system.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-doe-solar", "title": "Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Basics", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/cmei/systems/solar-photovoltaic-manufacturing-basics", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Silicon photovoltaic manufacturing and silver-containing metallisation. Describes a possible technology route, not an exact bill of materials for all modules." }, { "id": "mat-doe-battery", "title": "Technology Strategy Assessment — Lithium-ion", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2023-07/Technology%20Strategy%20Assessment%20-%20Lithium-ion.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "2023-07", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government technical report referenced; no figures or source prose reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Lithium-ion chemistry variants, graphite anodes and electrode/current-collector distinction." }, { "id": "mat-doe-solar", "title": "Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Basics", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/cmei/systems/solar-photovoltaic-manufacturing-basics", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government educational page referenced; no figures or source prose reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polysilicon, ingots, wafers, cells and module assembly. No manufacturer-specific composition claimed." }, { "id": "mat-doe-carbon", "title": "Plasma Oxidation of Carbon Fiber Precursor", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/cmei/articles/eere-success-story-plasma-oxidation-carbon-fiber-precursor", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "2016-06-23", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government research summary referenced; no third-party photograph reused.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "PAN precursor and thermal-processing background only. Research-project performance/cost claims not generalized to current manufacturing." }, { "id": "mat-doe-solar-supply", "title": "Solar Photovoltaics Supply Chain Deep Dive Assessment", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/Solar%20Energy%20Supply%20Chain%20Report%20-%20Final_0.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "2022-02-24", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government technical report referenced; no figures or source prose reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "EVA and alternative encapsulant materials and component-manufacturing distinctions only. Historical market statistics not presented as current data." }, { "id": "ox-cable-copper", "title": "CABLE 2022: Big Idea Workshop Summary Report", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2023-09/2022%20CABLE%20Workshop%20Report_final_compliant_V2.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "2023-09", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary workshop report describes copper-based conductors, conductivity and practical material tradeoffs; no workshop projection or quantitative performance claim is generalized to appliance cords.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-pv", "title": "Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics Research", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/cmei/systems/crystalline-silicon-photovoltaics-research", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Describes silicon cells and module layering; no market-share statistic reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-pv-end", "title": "Photovoltaics End-of-Life Action Plan Update", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2024-10/2024%20SETO%20PV%20EOL%20Action%20Plan%20Update%20Webinar%20-%20SETO%20Slides.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Department of Energy", "date": "2024-10", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Module layer functions and materials; diagram not reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-epa-construction", "title": "Sustainable Management of Construction and Demolition Materials", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Construction material reuse, sorting and recycling principles. Recycling routes are qualified by feedstock and local acceptance; historical tonnages not used." }, { "id": "exp-mat-epa-gypsum", "title": "AP-42, Chapter 11.16: Gypsum Manufacturing", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/documents/c11s16.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Dihydrate-to-hemihydrate chemistry, grinding/calcining, plaster and wallboard process stages. Historical emission factors and production figures not used." }, { "id": "mat-epa-recycling", "title": "How Do I Recycle Common Recyclables", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/recycle/how-do-i-recycle-common-recyclables", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government guidance referenced; no source prose or photographs reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Resin codes do not guarantee local collection; batteries and electronics need dedicated routes. U.S.-specific acceptance instructions and old percentages are not generalized internationally." }, { "id": "ox-fridge-epa", "title": "Appliance Disposal", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/section608/appliance-disposal", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Refrigerant recovery and disposal context. U.S. rules are not asserted to be universal; users are directed to locally approved appliance routes.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-battery-disposal", "title": "Used Lithium-Ion Batteries", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/recycle/used-lithium-ion-batteries", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "U.S. disposal guidance; readers elsewhere must check local services.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "o-battery-working", "title": "Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: how cells work and how chemistries differ", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/hw/lithium-ion-battery-recycling", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government information; facts referenced only. No source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Electrodes, separators, electrolyte and chemistry-dependent recovery; no recycling yield assumed.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-fridge-foam", "title": "Guidance Document for Foam Recovery from Refrigerators and Freezers", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-11/epa_rad_foam_recovery_guidance_document_508.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Responsible Appliance Disposal Program", "date": "2024-11", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Foam blowing-agent recovery and refrigeration disposal distinctions; no do-it-yourself recovery process is supplied.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-usda-composites", "title": "Wood Handbook, Chapter 11: Wood-Based Composite Materials", "url": "https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/62258.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory; Nicole M. Stark and Zhiyong Cai", "date": "2021", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Veneer preparation, plywood lay-up and bonding, distinctions from strand panels and structural composite lumber." }, { "id": "o-usgs-phone", "title": "A World of Minerals in Your Mobile Device", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0167/gip167.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey", "date": "2016-09", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Background mineral functions only. Historic production map is not used.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "usgs-mcs-2026-report", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, version 1.3", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey", "date": "2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Report states public domain, except separately copyrighted content. Associated data release CC0 1.0.", "usage": "Numeric tables used; downloaded report retained as research evidence only. No cover photograph or other report image used on the site.", "notes": "Version checked against https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/versionHist.txt. Initial publication 2026-02-06; latest revision 1.3 is 2026-05-27. Observation year 2025." }, { "id": "exp-mat-usgs-silver", "title": "Silver Statistics and Information", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/silver-statistics-and-information", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Stable physical-property context and links to commodity research. The overview contains outdated end-use language about photography; that statement and its undated rankings are explicitly not used." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-aluminium", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Aluminum", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-copper", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Copper", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-zinc", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Zinc", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-nickel", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Nickel", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-tin", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Tin", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-gold", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Gold", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-lithium", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Lithium", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-cobalt", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Cobalt", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-graphite", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Graphite", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-silicon", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Silicon", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-rare-earths", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Rare Earths", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "mat-usgs-titanium", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Titanium", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-05-27 (version 1.3)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual report referenced. Report states public domain except separately copyrighted content; no source asset reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Commodity context and uses. Complete official report independently downloaded for the atlas production dataset. Material prose contains no current rankings. Associated data release is CC0; no report images or third-party material reused." }, { "id": "usgs-aluminium-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminium, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 41. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-copper-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 73. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-lithium-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Lithium, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-lithium.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 119. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-cobalt-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Cobalt, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-cobalt.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 71. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-graphite-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Natural graphite, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-graphite.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 93. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-nickel-2026", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Nickel, world production table", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-nickel.pdf", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-02; report version 1.3, 2026-05-27", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "USGS factual statistics; associated 2026 data release marked CC0 1.0 Universal. No report photographs or third-party material reused.", "usage": "2025 production numbers transcribed into original charts and tables; original explanatory text.", "notes": "Checked against the full current report (version 1.3), printed page 133. 2025 estimated column only. Units and footnotes retained. Country names follow USGS; map coordinates are editorial approximate country markers." }, { "id": "usgs-mcs-2026-data", "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 Data Release", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/data/mineral-commodity-summaries-2026-data-release", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey, National Minerals Information Center", "date": "2026-09-18 (landing page)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "CC0 1.0 Universal, explicitly stated on the USGS data-release page.", "usage": "Rights and release metadata verified. Production values transcribed and checked from the current linked report.", "notes": "DOI 10.5066/P1WKQ63T. The data-release landing page describes CSV and metadata entities. ScienceBase file endpoint timed out during this review, so exact figures were obtained from the downloadable official report, not claimed as verified CSV downloads." }, { "id": "mat-silica-safety", "title": "Silica dust", "url": "https://www.hse.gov.uk/stonemasonry/silica-dust.htm", "institution": "UK Health and Safety Executive", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "UK government information referenced; no source prose or illustrations reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Respirable crystalline-silica exposure hazard; distinguished from intact products and other silica forms." }, { "id": "mat-hse-rubber", "title": "Introduction to rubber processing and safety issues", "url": "https://www.hse.gov.uk/rubber/assets/docs/introduction-to-rubber-processing.pdf", "institution": "UK Health and Safety Executive", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "UK government technical guidance referenced; no diagrams or prose reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Compounding and rubber-process context; no operational instructions reproduced." }, { "id": "ct-smoke-disposal", "title": "Radionuclide Basics: Americium-241", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclide-basics-americium-241", "institution": "United States Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Ionization alarms differ from the representative optical alarm; follow manufacturer/local disposal guidance and do not tamper with the source. No images reused. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-ewaste-epa", "title": "Electronics Donation and Recycling", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/recycle/electronics-donation-and-recycling", "institution": "United States Environmental Protection Agency", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Reuse, personal-data removal and electronics collection; local availability must be checked. Battery removal is limited in Atlas copy to manufacturer-designed safe access. No photographs reused. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ox-book-illinois", "title": "Books and Bound Items", "url": "https://psap.library.illinois.edu/collection-id-guide/bookbound", "institution": "University of Illinois, Preservation Self-Assessment Program", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Binding constructions and book materials; conservation guidance is summarized without copying procedures.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "exp-mat-wisconsin-flax", "title": "Flax", "url": "https://cropsandsoils.extension.wisc.edu/flax/", "institution": "University of Wisconsin–Madison, Division of Extension", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Fibre versus oilseed crop, retting, scutching, hackling and spinning. Regional growing advice is not generalised globally." }, { "id": "ch-microwave-fda", "title": "Microwave ovens: operation and safe use", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/resources-you-radiation-emitting-products/microwave-ovens", "institution": "US Food and Drug Administration", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary explanatory and safety text read. Supports metal-cavity operation, door interlocks and professional attention to damaged doors. US regulatory details are not presented as worldwide disposal rules.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "mat-usda-wood", "title": "Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material", "url": "https://research.fs.usda.gov/fpl/wood-handbook", "institution": "USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory", "date": "2021 (handbook revision)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "U.S. government handbook referenced; no third-party material or visual assets reused.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Natural structure, anisotropy, moisture, drying and wood-product distinctions. No images or tables reproduced." }, { "id": "exp-mat-usg-underlayment", "title": "Floor Assemblies, Subfloors, and the Purpose of Underlayments", "url": "https://assemblies-tools.usg.com/content/usgcom/en/blog/floor-assemblies-subfloors-and-the-purpose-of-underlayments-usg.html", "institution": "USG", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer confirmation of gypsum-based underlayment forms within flooring assemblies, including tile-related systems. No generic wet-area installation approval implied." }, { "id": "exp-mat-gypsum-manufacturing", "title": "USG Wallboard Portfolio — The Manufacture of Gypsum Products", "url": "https://www.usg.com/content/dam/USG_Marketing_Communications/united_states/product_promotional_materials/finished_assets/usg-wallboard-catalog-en-WB2816.pdf", "institution": "USG Corporation / CGC", "date": "2021-01", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Official manufacturer publication WB2816, revision 01-21; manufacturing discussion on PDF page 3. Confirms mined and recaptured gypsum including flue-gas desulfurization, chemically combined water, setting before drying, facings and quality control. Calcination and rehydration chemistry are cross-checked against the separately cited EPA AP-42 chapter. The brochure’s unsupported abundance superlative, dated factory map and marketing claims are not used. Replacement URL returned HTTP 200 with application/pdf on 2026-11-13; full PDF retrieved and relevant text inspected. No catalogue photographs, map or diagrams reproduced." }, { "id": "ox-silk-vam", "title": "Project Interwoven: studying textiles from the outside in", "url": "https://www.vam.ac.uk/blog/projects/project-interwoven-studying-textiles-from-the-outside-in", "institution": "Victoria and Albert Museum", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Museum research distinguishes weave structure and fibre identification; supports the separation between fibre chemistry and fabric construction.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-remote-vishay", "title": "TSAL6200: High Power Infrared Emitting Diode", "url": "https://www.vishay.com/docs/81010/tsal6200.pdf", "institution": "Vishay Semiconductors", "date": "2014-03-13", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Page 1 identifies a 940 nm GaAlAs emitter and remote-control applications. The infrared emitter is not described as silicon. No circuit or operating instructions reproduced." }, { "id": "ch-fan-vornado", "title": "VFAN Vintage Whole Room Air Circulator", "url": "https://vornado.com/products/vfan-parent", "institution": "Vornado", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed product page read for metal construction and pivoting head. Superiority claims and numerical performance comparisons are not reproduced.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "mat-wacker-silicones", "title": "Room Temperature Vulcanizing (RTV) Silicones: Material and Processing Guidelines", "url": "https://www.wacker.com/h/medias/7461-EN.pdf", "institution": "WACKER Chemie", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Silicone structure, formulation, curing and properties. Educational explanation only; no industrial processing instructions or source images reproduced." }, { "id": "mat-wacker-production", "title": "Products & Services — Annual Report 2025", "url": "https://reports.wacker.com/2025/annual-report/management-report/governance/products-services.html", "institution": "WACKER Chemie", "date": "2026 (report for 2025)", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Silicon/methanol feedstock context and silicone product families. Company quantities and market position not used." }, { "id": "cl-westlake-coating", "title": "TRUCOAT extrusion coating resins", "url": "https://www.westlake.com/polyethylene-products/trucoat%C2%AE-extrusion-coating-resins", "institution": "Westlake Corporation", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary technical table inspected: named LDPE grades list paper coatings for cups and liquid packaging. Direct retrieval returned HTTP 403. Confirms LDPE as an established cup-coating option, without identifying a particular finished cup’s exact resin grade." }, { "id": "ct-screwdriver-wiha", "title": "Asia-Pacific Hand Tools Catalogue: SoftFinish screwdrivers", "url": "https://www2.wiha.com/files/asia-pacific/EN-Asia-Pacific_catalogue.pdf", "institution": "Wiha", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Documents polypropylene hard core, soft grip, hardened chrome-vanadium-molybdenum steel and chrome plating. Article distinguishes alloy tool steel from plain carbon steel. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ch-cutlery-wmf", "title": "DENVER cutlery: declaration of compliance and material description", "url": "https://www.wmf.com/media/wmf_upload/konformitaetserklaerung/en/WMF_1148xxxxxx_EN_20160923_cutlery_collection_DENVER_FB.pdf", "institution": "WMF", "date": "2016-09-23", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed declaration read: the collection uses 18/10 stainless and blade steel. Cited for the distinction within a matching set, not to claim current certification of all cutlery.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "mat-worldsteel-what", "title": "What is steel?", "url": "https://worldsteel.org/about-steel/what-is-steel/", "institution": "World Steel Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Alloy definition and BF–BOF/EAF routes; no current production figures copied." }, { "id": "mat-worldsteel-raw", "title": "Raw materials", "url": "https://worldsteel.org/about-steel/raw-materials/", "institution": "World Steel Association", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Iron ore, coke, scrap and raw-material route distinctions." }, { "id": "o-steel-can", "title": "Tinplate life cycle inventory product description", "url": "https://worldsteel.org/wider-sustainability/life-cycle-thinking/lca-eco-profiles-2024-release/asia-tinplate-other/", "institution": "World Steel Association", "date": "2024", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or rights not asserted; facts referenced only, no source assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Tin-coated steel used for food cans. No regional LCA numbers transferred to generic objects.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "mat-stainless-recycling", "title": "Recycling", "url": "https://worldstainless.org/sustainability/environment/recycling/", "institution": "worldstainless", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Scrap as an alloy feedstock. Promotional lifecycle rankings and generic recovery percentages are not adopted." }, { "id": "ch-wusthof-knife", "title": "Classic Ikon: blade and handle construction", "url": "https://wusthof.com/pages/classic-ikon", "institution": "Wüsthof", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Indexed primary product-family text read and page opened: forged stainless blank, full tang, POM handles and rivet design. Forging is not equated with universal superiority.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ox-guitar-yamaha", "title": "The Acoustic Guitar: Musical Instrument Guide", "url": "https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/acoustic_guitar/", "institution": "Yamaha", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Manufacturer educational guide to structure, sound production, manufacture and maintenance of acoustic guitars.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ox-guitar-strings", "title": "Acoustic Guitar: Choosing Strings", "url": "https://europe.yamaha.com/en/musical-instruments/guitars-basses-amps/explore/musical-instrument-guide/acoustic-guitar/choosing003.html", "institution": "Yamaha", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Acoustic string construction and material options; string compatibility is not inferred from appearance.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-zipper-slider", "title": "YKK Zipper Usage Instruction Manual", "url": "https://ykkamericas.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ykk-zipper-instruction-manual-compressed.pdf", "institution": "YKK", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Section 2-1 identifies brass and zinc-alloy slider variants. Used to qualify the alloy example; washing procedures and source diagrams omitted. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ox-zippers", "title": "Sustainable Selection: NATULON Plus coil zipper", "url": "https://www.ykk.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2405_Sustainable-Selection-ENG.pdf", "institution": "YKK", "date": "2024-05", "accessed": "2026-11-13", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Polyester tape and coil elements with zinc die-cast sliders; recycled-content figures are not generalized.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations are original editorial synthesis." }, { "id": "ct-zipper-coil", "title": "Coil Zipper Standard", "url": "https://ykkamericas.com/product/coil-zipper-standard/", "institution": "YKK Americas", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Coil elements may use polyester or nylon. Neither is presented as the sole chemistry for every zipper. Verification used indexed text from the primary publisher URL; the full page was not independently downloaded." }, { "id": "ct-zipper-structure", "title": "The Structure of a Zipper", "url": "https://ykkamericas.com/the-structure-of-a-zipper/", "institution": "YKK Americas", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or other reuse rights not asserted; facts consulted only. No third-party prose, photographs or diagrams reproduced.", "usage": "Original educational explanation and original vector illustration; source consulted for the specific construction or mechanism noted below.", "notes": "Tape, elements and slider relationship, and polyester/cotton tape alternatives. Manufacturer imagery is not reused." }, { "id": "cl-ykk-metal", "title": "Standard metal zippers", "url": "https://lyncs.ykkfastening.com/shop/c/cFMF01/", "institution": "YKK Japan", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright; referenced, not reproduced", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary product page inspected for metal zipper families and alloy variation. Article deliberately leaves unspecified jeans hardware unindexed instead of identifying alloys by decorative colour." }, { "id": "ch-zojirushi-flask", "title": "Vacuum-insulated mugs and bottles: FAQ", "url": "https://www.zojirushi.com/app/faq/vacuum-insulated-mugs-bottles", "institution": "Zojirushi", "date": "Undated", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed FAQ read for stainless vessels, coated and uncoated interior finishes, stopper care and model-specific dishwasher restrictions.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-zwilling-materials", "title": "Sustainability report: material usage", "url": "https://www.zwilling.com/on/demandware.static/-/Sites-zwilling-us-Library/default/ZWILLING_Sustainability_Report_2020_EN.pdf", "institution": "ZWILLING", "date": "2020", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed report read: knife/cookware handle polymers include PP, ABS and POM. Broad recycling marketing statements are not adopted as universal claims.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." }, { "id": "ch-cutlery-care", "title": "Caring for your cutlery", "url": "https://www.zwilling.com/on/demandware.static/-/Library-Sites-ZwillingSharedLibrary/default/dw82ed9a9a/images/PCM-pdf/000034976.pdf", "institution": "ZWILLING / HENCKELS", "date": "2018-06", "accessed": "2026-11-14", "license": "Copyright or provider terms; facts referenced, no licensed assets reproduced.", "usage": "Facts consulted; original summary. No source images or prose reproduced.", "notes": "Primary indexed care leaflet read: 18/10 flatware and high-grade blade steel in monobloc knives. Care and corrosion limits are described without promising complete immunity to staining.", "modifications": "No source assets reused or modified. Explanations and schematic drawings are original." } ]